{"title":"Membranes for Col Redox Flow Battery","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe membrane sets the efficiency ceiling of every redox flow battery — it must conduct charge-carrying ions while blocking the active species that store the energy.\u003c\/strong\u003e This collection groups the ion-exchange membranes we stock for vanadium, iron-chromium, all-iron, organic, and emerging aqueous flow chemistries, organized by polymer family so you can match selectivity, area resistance, and chemical stability to your stack.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePerfluorinated cation-exchange membranes (PFSA).\u003c\/strong\u003e Sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene ionomers (the Nafion-class chemistry, including economic PFSA grades and thicker high-barrier variants around 100 to 180 micrometers) remain the workhorse for VRFB R\u0026amp;D. They give high proton conductivity and excellent oxidative stability against VO2+, at the cost of measurable vanadium crossover that scales with thickness and water uptake.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReinforced PFSA with ePTFE scaffold.\u003c\/strong\u003e Composite membranes that laminate the PFSA ionomer onto an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous skeleton allow much thinner active layers without sacrificing dimensional stability under wet\/dry cycling. Useful when you want lower area resistance for high-current operation but cannot tolerate the swelling of unreinforced cast films.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHydrocarbon cation-exchange membranes.\u003c\/strong\u003e Sulfonated polyphenylsulfone (SPPSU) and other sulfonated aromatic backbones (polyetheretherketone, polysulfone families) offer higher proton-to-vanadium selectivity than PFSA because their narrower, less interconnected hydrophilic channels physically hinder bulky VO2+ and V3+ ions. Trade-off is reduced oxidative stability over very long cycling, so they are typically chosen when capacity-fade is the dominant figure of merit.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnion-exchange membranes for flow chemistries.\u003c\/strong\u003e Quaternary-ammonium-functionalized AEMs designed with low proton crossover are used in acid-processing and bipolar-membrane stacks, and increasingly evaluated for iron-chromium and organic redox couples where transporting Cl- or supporting electrolyte anions is preferred over proton shuttling.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpecialty CEMs for organic and aqueous-organic flow batteries.\u003c\/strong\u003e Lower-resistance, high-selectivity CEMs developed originally for electrodialysis and capacitive deionization are a good starting point for ORFB chemistries based on viologens, quinones, or TEMPO derivatives, where the redox-active molecules are larger than vanadium ions and benefit from a tighter ion-exchange matrix.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are screening membranes for a vanadium stack, start with the PFSA and reinforced-PFSA grades; for organic or aqueous-organic chemistries, compare hydrocarbon CEMs and specialty low-resistance grades. For the broader separator picture across other electrochemical systems, see Membranes \u0026amp; MEA for Electrolyzers and Fuel Cells and Ion-Exchange Membranes for Separation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n","products":[{"product_id":"crfbaemfap450","title":"FAP-450 Anion-Exchange Membrane (T 50um * W 100mm * L 100mm) for Redox Flow Battery, CRFBAEMFAP450","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fumasep FAP-450 is a high-performance Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM) manufactured by Fumatech. It is widely regarded as a \"gold standard\" in laboratory and commercial research for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs) and other acidic aqueous redox systems. The FAP-450 is a non-reinforced, partially fluorinated membrane. Its design focuses on balancing low electrical resistance with an exceptional ability to block the crossover of metal ions (like Vanadium). Its applications are mainly displayed below:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) \u003cstrong\u003eVanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFB)\u003c\/strong\u003e: This is its most common use. Because it is an anion exchanger, it effectively blocks the positively charged vanadium ions from crossing over, which significantly reduces self-discharge and capacity decay.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003cstrong\u003eNon-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries (NARFB)\u003c\/strong\u003e: Researchers often use FAP-450 in organic solvent systems (like acetonitrile) due to its chemical compatibility, though swelling behavior must be monitored.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(3) \u003cstrong\u003eAcid Recovery \u0026amp; Electrodialysis\u003c\/strong\u003e: Used in processes requiring the transport of anions while blocking protons or metal cations in highly acidic environments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 192.637px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCVRFBAEMFAP450 (C-VRFB-AEMFAP450)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTransparent membrane\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBack Substrate\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSingle-side PET (need peeling off), no reinforcement layer\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimension\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eT 50um * W 100mm * L 100mm (Other membrane sizes can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAreal Mass\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e7.5-8.5 mg\/cm2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePlanar Resistivity (0.5M H2SO4)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.45-0.60 Ω · cm2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eConductivity (0.5M H2SO4) \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e9-12 mS\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelectivity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e90-96% (0.1\/0.5 mol\/kg KCl)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eProton Transmission Rate\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2500-4500 umol \u003cspan\u003e· min-1 · cm-2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003epH Stability \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStable when pH \u0026lt;4\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnstable when pH\u0026gt;11 \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FuelCellStore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47269996036326,"sku":"CRFBAEMFAP450","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CRFBAEMFAP450_main.png?v=1768494374"},{"product_id":"cfbefciemspeek","title":"Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (SPEEK) Ion-Exchange Membrane for Flow Battery, Electrolyzer, and Fuel Cell, CFBEFCIEMSPEEK","description":"\u003cp\u003eSulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (SPEEK) is a high-performance, non-fluorinated polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM). It is synthesized by the sulfonation of PEEK, a rigid, semi-crystalline thermoplastic. SPEEK has emerged as the primary low-cost alternative to perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes like Nafion, particularly for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs) and Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs). The performance of SPEEK is governed by its Degree of Sulfonation (DS)—the percentage of PEEK repeat units that have been attached to a sulfonic acid (-SO3H) group.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 182.637px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCFBEFCIEMSPEEK (C-FBEFC-IEMSPEEK)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Formula\/Structure\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(C₁₉H₁₂O₆S)n(C₁₉H₁₂O₃)m\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/SPEEK_molecular_structure_160x160.png?v=1768579884\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTransparent\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSulfation Degree \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e60%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimension\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eT 25 or 50 um * L 100mm * W 100 mm (Other membrane sizes can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eIon Conductivity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e14.5 mS\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e24-28 MPa\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1 pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1）\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0376738808007618\"\u003eQ. Luo, et al., Preparation and characterization of Nafion\/SPEEK layered composite membrane and its application in vanadium redox flow battery, J. Membrane Sci., 2008, 325, 553-558\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0376738820310255\"\u003eT. Huang, et al., Impact of SPEEK on PEEK membranes: Demixing, morphology and performance enhancement in lithium membrane extraction, J. Membrane Sci., 2020, 615, 118448.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"ZHCN","offers":[{"title":"T 25um * W 100mm * L100mm","offer_id":47272858583270,"sku":"CFBEFCIEMSPEEKT25","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"T 50um * W 100mm * L100mm","offer_id":47272858616038,"sku":"CFBEFCIEMSPEEK-2","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CFBEFCIEMSPEEK_main.png?v=1768552630"},{"product_id":"crfbiempbi","title":"Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Ion-Exchange Membrane for Redox Flow Battery, CRFBIEMPBI","description":"\u003cp\u003ePolybenzimidazole (PBI) is a high-performance, non-fluorinated thermoplastic that has become a leading alternative to Nafion for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile materials like SPEEK are modified to have negative charges, PBI is a basic polymer. In the acidic environment of a flow battery, the nitrogen atoms in the PBI backbone become protonated, giving the membrane a positive charge. This creates a unique \"Donnan Exclusion\" effect that makes it one of the most selective membranes available. The features of PBI membrane in redox flow battery are shown below:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) \u003cstrong\u003eProtonation\u003c\/strong\u003e: The imidazole groups in the PBI backbone (N-H) react with the acid to form positively charged sites.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003cstrong\u003eDonnan Exclusion\u003c\/strong\u003e: These fixed positive charges electrostatically repel the positively charged vanadium ions (V2+, V3+, VO2+). \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(3) \u003cstrong\u003eIon Transport\u003c\/strong\u003e: While vanadium is repelled, protons (H+) and sulfate anions (HSO4-) can still pass through the polymer's free volume to maintain charge balance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 182.637px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCRFBIEMPBI (C-RFB-IEMPBI)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Structure\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CRFBIEMPBI_molecular_structure_160x160.png?v=1768589215\" alt=\"\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYellow\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimension\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eT 25 um * L 100mm * W 100 mm (Other membrane sizes can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eIon Conductivity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt; 40 mS\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eVanadium Ion Permeability\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;9*10-8 cm2\/min\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;40 MPa\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eColumbic Efficiency for VRFBs\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1 pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1）\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0376738820309376\"\u003eX. Che, et al., Porous polybenzimidazole membranes with high ion selectivity for the vanadium redox flow battery, J. Membrane Sci., 2020, 611, 118359\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S2405829721005936\"\u003eY. Chen, et al., Ion conductive mechanisms and redox flow battery applications of polybenzimidazole-based membranes, Energy Storage Mater., 2022, 45, 595-617.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"ZHCN","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47273891758310,"sku":"CRFBIEMPBI","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CRFBIEMPBI_main.png?v=1768590132"},{"product_id":"crfbnppes","title":"Nanoporous Polyethylene (PE) Separator for Redox Flow Battery, 5 pcs\/pack, CRFBNPPES","description":"\u003cp\u003eIn a Redox Flow Battery (RFB), a PE (Polyethylene) nanopore membrane (often called a nanoporous separator) represents a shift away from expensive chemical \"ion-exchange\" membranes toward a mechanical \"sieving\" approach. By shrinking the pores from the micrometer scale down to the nanometer scale (typically \u0026lt;20 nm), these membranes can block large redox-active molecules while letting tiny charge-carrying ions pass through at high speeds.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNanoporous PE uses a physical process: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eSize Exclusion\u003c\/strong\u003e: The \"nanopores\" are engineered to be larger than a proton (H+) or a chloride ion (Cl-) but smaller than the bulky \"active species\" (like Vanadium ions or Organic complexes). (2) \u003cstrong\u003eIon Flux\u003c\/strong\u003e: Because the pores are essentially open channels filled with liquid electrolyte, the resistance is lower than in solid polymers, allowing for higher power density.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 267.438px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCRFBNPPES (C-RFB-NPPES)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOff-white or grey\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimension\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eT 0.5 * L 100mm * W 100 mm (Other membrane sizes can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePore Size\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~20 nm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePorosity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~55%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5 pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNote\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe nanoporous PE separator is especially suitable for \u003cstrong\u003eZinc-Bromide flow battery\u003c\/strong\u003e system.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1）\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0167273818306660\"\u003eH. Y. Jung, et al., Ionic transportation and chemical stability of high-endurance porous polyethylene separator for vanadium redox flow batteries, Ionic transportation and chemical stability of high-endurance porous polyethylene separator for vanadium redox flow batteries 2018, 327, 110-116\u003c\/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsaem.3c00522\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/15583724.2015.1011276\"\u003eX. Wei, et al., Porous Polymeric Composite Separators for Redox Flow Batteries, Polymer Reviews, 2015, 55, 247-272\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"YLDCYJS","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47277301006566,"sku":"CRFBNPPES","price":39.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CRFBNPPES_main.png?v=1768714096"},{"product_id":"crfbeaemfapq330","title":"FAPQ-330 Anion-Exchange Membrane for Redox Flow Battery and Electrolyzer, CRFBEAEMFAPQ330","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fumasep FAPQ-330 is a specialized Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM) manufactured by Fumatech. It is widely used in high-performance Redox Flow Batteries (RFBs), particularly the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB), where it serves as a critical separator between the positive and negative electrolytes. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnlike traditional cation-exchange membranes (like Nafion), the FAPQ-330 is designed to conduct anions while significantly blocking the crossover of positively charged metal ions (like V2+, V3+, VO2+). This reduces self-discharge and maintains capacity over long cycles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe FAPQ-330 membranes are widely used for redox flow battery due to the following reasons: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eLow Crossover\u003c\/strong\u003e: In Vanadium batteries, the crossover of vanadium ions leads to permanent loss of efficiency. Because this membrane is an Anion Exchanger, its fixed positive charges naturally repel the positive vanadium cations (the Donnan exclusion principle). (2) \u003cstrong\u003eEfficiency\u003c\/strong\u003e: It typically achieves Coulombic Efficiencies (CE) of \u0026gt;98% and supports higher current densities (100 - 250 mA\/cm2) compared to thicker or reinforced membranes. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eMechanical Stability\u003c\/strong\u003e: Despite being non-reinforced, it maintains good tensile strength (20-45 MPa) and low swelling, which prevents the membrane from wrinkling or tearing within the cell stack.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe FAPQ-330 membrane is specifically noted for being highly resistant to chlorine. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eElectrochemical Chlorine Production\u003c\/strong\u003e: Used in specialized cells where chlorine gas is a byproduct, which would normally degrade or \"bleach\" a standard exchange membrane. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eSeawater Electrolysis Research\u003c\/strong\u003e: It is used in lab-scale setups for seawater splitting or desalination research because it can handle the high chloride content without losing its mechanical integrity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 192.637px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCRFBEAEMFAPQ330 (C-RFBE-AEMFAPQ330)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSlightly Opaque\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacking Foil\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSingle-side PET (need peeling off), no reinforcement layer\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimension\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eT 30um * W 100mm * L 100mm (Other membrane sizes can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCounter Ion\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eChloride \/ Methylsulfate\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eWeight Per Unit Area    \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003e4.0 – 5.0 mg cm^-2\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eArea Specific Resistance (ohm cm²)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt; 0.35 (0.5 M H2SO4)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026lt; 0.35 (0.5 M H2SO4)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt; 85% (0.1 \/ 0.5 mol\/kg KCl at T = 25 °C)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eConductivity (0.5M H2SO4) \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e9-12 mS\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelectivity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e90-96% (0.1\/0.5 mol\/kg KCl)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eProton Transfer Rate\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt; 5.500 μmol min^- 1 c m^-2\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength - max. (MPa)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20 – 45 MPa\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003epH Stability \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStable when pH 1-9\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"FuelCellStore","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47277366542566,"sku":"CRFBEAEMFAPQ330","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CRFBAEMFAP450_main.png?v=1768494374"},{"product_id":"cfbefccemfs","title":"Cation-Exchange Membrane (Fumasep, FS Series) for Flow Battery, Electrolyzer, and Fuel Cell, CFBEFCCEMFS","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fumasep (Fumapem) FS series is a family of perfluorinated cation-exchange membranes (PFSA) manufactured by Fumatech BWT. These are high-stability, high-performance materials built on a perfluorosulfonic acid backbone, making them the industry’s direct alternatives to Nafion. The series is categorized by thickness and reinforcement, primarily serving the hydrogen fuel cell, water electrolysis, and redox flow battery markets.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFS-930 (The Standard Thin Film)\u003c\/strong\u003e: It is often used in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFB) and portable PEM fuel cells. Because it lacks reinforcement, it has a slightly higher swelling ratio than the RFS version but provides a very clear ionic path. In VRFB applications, it is valued for its high proton transfer rate (\u0026gt; 28,000 nmol\/min\/cm2).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFS-930-RFS (Reinforced and Stabilized)\u003c\/strong\u003e: This is a premium automotive-grade membrane. It features an internal reinforcement (typically ePTFE mesh). The \"RFS\" designation stands for reinforced and stabilized. It offers extremely low dimensional swelling (\u0026lt; 6%) and high mechanical stability, making it ideal for systems that undergo frequent humidity cycling (start-stop cycles). It maintains very high conductivity (\u0026gt; 120 mS\/cm) despite the reinforcement.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFS-950 (Medium Thickness)\u003c\/strong\u003e: It is mainly used for stationary fuel cells and VRFBs. In flow batteries, the extra thickness (50 μm) compared to the 930 series provides a better physical barrier against vanadium ion crossover, which improves the coulombic efficiency and capacity retention of the battery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFS-990-PK (PEEK Reinforced)\u003c\/strong\u003e: This is the most robust membrane in the FS lineup. It features a woven PEEK (Polyetheretherketone) mesh, which is mainly designed for Water Electrolysis or high-pressure systems. The PEEK mesh allows the membrane to withstand high differential pressures between the H2 and O2 chambers. The PEEK mesh offers superior thermal and chemical resistance compared to standard PET reinforcements, allowing for higher operating temperatures.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCFBEFCCEMFS930\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCFBEFCCEMFS930RFS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCFBEFCCEMFS950\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCFBEFCCEMFS990PK\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eMembrane Name\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFS-930\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFS-930-RFS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFS-950\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFS-990-PK\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eThickness (um)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e26-34\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e27-32\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e45-55\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e85-100\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eReinforcement\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo (Self-Supporting)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes (RFS, ePTFE)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo (Self-Supporting)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes (Peek Mesh)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eArea Resistance (0.5M H₂SO₄, Ω·cm²)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.10\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.02\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.10\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.45\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eIon Exchange Capacity (IEC)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e-\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.15 meq\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e- \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.1-1.25 meq\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eKey Characteristics \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStandard thin film; low ohmic resistance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReinforced for dimensional stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBetter barrier against ion crossover.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtreme mechanical\/thermal stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eApplication Cases\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePortable Fuel Cells \/ VRFB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAutomotive PEMFC\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStationary PEMFC \/ VRFB\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHeavy-duty Electrolysis\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"CLKXZ","offers":[{"title":"FS-930","offer_id":47375147303142,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMFS930","price":119.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"FS-930-RFS","offer_id":47375147335910,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMFS930RFS","price":129.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"FS-950","offer_id":47375147368678,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMFS950","price":119.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"FS-990-PK","offer_id":47375147401446,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMFS990PK","price":129.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CFBEFCCEMFS_main.png?v=1771745272"},{"product_id":"corfbcdiceme620k","title":"E-620(K) Cation-Exchange Membrane for Organic Redox Flow Battery (ORFB) and Capacitive Deionization (CDI), CORFBCDICEME620K","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fumasep E-620 is an electrochemical-grade Cation Exchange Membrane (CEM). Unlike the PFSA membranes (like Nafion or FS-930) that are often \"over-engineered\" for extreme fuel cell conditions, the E-620 is a high-selectivity, ultra-low resistance membrane designed for high-efficiency water treatment and specialized energy storage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe primary application for E-620(K) membrane is Capacitive Deionization (CDI) for electrochemical separation. the E-620 acts as the cation-selective layer that allows salt cations (like Na+ or Ca2+) to be adsorbed into the electrodes while preventing co-ion leakage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn organic redox flow battery application, its high selectivity (\u0026gt; 96%) helps prevent the crossover of active species in near-neutral or moderately acidic\/alkaline electrolyte.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100.036%; height: 192.637px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCORFBCDICEME620K (C-ORFBCDI-CEM-E620K)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTransparent (light brown)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacking Foil\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSingle-side PET (need peeling off), no reinforcement layer\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe membrane with microporous PE enforcement is available upon request. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCounter Ion\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eK form\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAdditive\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePEG\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimension\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eT 20um * W 100mm * L 100mm (Other membrane sizes can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eWeight per Unit Area (dry)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e26-35 g m-2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eArea Resistance in Na+ form\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026lt;1.0 Ω cm2\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelectivity 0.1\/0.5 mol\/kg KCl at T = 25 °C\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt; 96%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eYoung’s modulus at 23 °C \/ 50 % r.h.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt; 600 MPa\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength at 23 °C \/ 50 % r.h.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt; 30 MPa\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimensional Swelling in H2O at T = 25 °C\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;3%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0719%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eStability Range \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7482%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStability range: pH = 0 – 14 at T = 15 – 40 °C\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CLKXZ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47278183383270,"sku":"CORFBCDICEME620K","price":199.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CORFBCDIAEME620K_main.png?v=1768760956"},{"product_id":"cfbefccemn","title":"Nafion (N117, N115, N212, N211, NC700) Cation-Exchange Membrane for Flow Battery, Electrolyzer and Fuel Cell, CFBEFCCEMN","description":"\u003cp\u003eNafion™ is the \"gold standard\" material for all three technologies due to its perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) chemistry, which offers unmatched chemical stability and proton conductivity. However, the specific grade and thickness used vary significantly based on the operating pressures and crossover requirements of each system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn redox flow battery applications, thick Nafion 117 and 115 are used to create a long, difficult path for bulky vanadium or organic ions to travel through.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn electrolyzer applications, thicker membranes like Nafion 117 are standard because they provide the mechanical strength to withstand these pressure differences without rupturing. A thick membrane is a better barrier against gas crossover, ensuring that the hydrogen produced is high-purity (\u0026gt;99.9%) and doesn't create an explosive mixture with oxygen.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the fuel cell application field, thinner membranes like Nafion 212 (50 um) or 211 (25 um) have much lower resistance, allowing for higher current densities. Thin membranes allow water to move back and forth more easily (\"back-diffusion\"), which helps keep the membrane from drying out during high-power operation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN117\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN115\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN212\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eN211\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNC700\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eThickness (um)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e183\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e127\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e51\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e25\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e15\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eDensity (g\/cm2)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e360\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e250\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e100\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e30\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eIon Conductivity (S\/cm)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e0.083\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength (MPa), MD\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e43\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e43\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e32\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e23\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e45\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength (MPa), TD\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e32\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e32\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e32\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e28\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e45\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eWater Content (%)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eWater Absorption (%)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e38\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e38\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eReinforce\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNo\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNo\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNo\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNo\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePTFE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Note\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) Application field for the above Nafion membrane products:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eN117\u003c\/strong\u003e: Vanadium redox flow battery, electrolyzer, and DMFC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eN115\u003c\/strong\u003e: Vanadium redox flow battery, water electrolyzer, fuel cell\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eN212\u003c\/strong\u003e: PEM electrolyzer and water treatment under a medium-pressure system\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eN211\u003c\/strong\u003e: Light electrolyzer and high-power fuel cell system\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNC700\u003c\/strong\u003e: High-power electrolyzer and fuel cell stack.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) N212, N211, and NC700 have two protective layers that should be removed before use, and no extra pretreatment is needed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(3) M115 and N117 can be pretreated: 5% H2O2 solution (1h), DI water rinse (0.5h), 5 wt% dilute H2SO4 at 80 °C (1h), DI water rinse (0.5h).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CLKXZ","offers":[{"title":"N117","offer_id":47284079624422,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMNN117","price":119.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"N115","offer_id":47284079657190,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMNN115","price":119.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"N212","offer_id":47284079689958,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMNN212","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"N211","offer_id":47284079722726,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMNN211","price":69.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"NC700","offer_id":47284079755494,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMNNC700","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CFBEFCCEMN_main.png?v=1768972169"},{"product_id":"cfbefccemepfsa","title":"Economic PFSA Cation-Exchange Membrane for Flow Battery, Electrolyzer and Fuel Cell, CFBEFCCEMEPFSA","description":"\u003cp\u003ePFSA (Perfluorosulfonic Acid) membranes are the most widely used type of cation exchange membrane in high-performance electrochemical systems. They are defined by a \"Teflon-like\" hydrophobic backbone with side chains ending in hydrophilic sulfonic acid groups. (1) In redox flow battery application, it conducts H+ while blocking vanadium ions to store energy. (2) In electrolyzer application field, it conducts H+ to produce green hydrogen or hydrocarbon from water and CO2. (3) In fuel cell application field, it conducts H+ from anode to cathode to generate power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe economic PFSA membranes can be great alternatives to the expensive Nafion counterparts. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eMembrane Types\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePFSA117\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePFSA115\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePFSA3015\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eThickness (um)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e175\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e125\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eDensity (g\/cm2)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3345\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e246\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e30\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eIon Conductivity (S\/cm)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt; 0.1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt; 0.1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt; 0.1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength (MPa), MD\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;28\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;28\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;30\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eWater Content (%)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eWater Uptake (%)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e50\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e50\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e50\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eReinforce\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNo\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNo\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eePTFE\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Note\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Application field for above economic PFSA membrane products:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePFSA117 \u0026amp; PFSA115\u003c\/strong\u003e: Redox flow battery, electrolyzer, and fuel cell\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePFSA3015 (ePTFE reinforce)\u003c\/strong\u003e: Specially designed for fuel cell application. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) All the PFSA membrane has a protective layer that should be removed before use.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CFBEFCCEMEPFSA_02_160x160.png?v=1768977125\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"SZKJ","offers":[{"title":"PFSA117","offer_id":47284130087142,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMEPFSA117","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"PFSA115","offer_id":47284130119910,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMEPFSA115","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"PFSA3015","offer_id":47284130218214,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMEPFSA3015","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CFBEFCCEMEPFSA_main.png?v=1768977116"},{"product_id":"crfbeaems","title":"SELEMION Anion-Exchange Membrane for Redox Flow Battery and Electrodialysis, CRFBEAEMS","description":"\u003cp\u003eSELEMION™ Anion Exchange Membranes (AEMs), developed by AGC Engineering (formerly Asahi Glass), are a globally recognized family of hydrocarbon-based ion-exchange materials. Unlike fluorinated membranes (like Nafion), SELEMION membranes utilize a poly(styrene)-based structure, making them more cost-effective and highly versatile for industrial liquid processing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are four main types of SELEMION™ anion exchange membranes: AMVN, DSVN, AAVN, and ASVN. The main applications for SELEMION™ AEM is electrodialysis (ED), which uses alternating stacks of anion and cation membranes to move salts from a \"desalination\" chamber to a \"concentration\" chamber using DC current. The second application is redox flow battery, SELEMION membranes (specifically the DSVN and AMVN grades) are popular in Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries (AORFBs) and Vanadium systems.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100.036%; height: 324px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.8008%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.6319%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAMVN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 16.1689%; height: 35.6px; text-align: center;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDSVN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.6419%; height: 35.6px; text-align: center;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAAVN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.8216%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eASVN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.8008%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eThickness (um)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.6319%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e100\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 16.1689%; height: 35.6px; text-align: center;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e95\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.6419%; height: 35.6px; text-align: center;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e120\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.8216%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e120\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.8008%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCounter Ion\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.6319%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCl-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 16.1689%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCl-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.6419%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSO4^2-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.8216%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCl-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.8008%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBurst Strength (KPa)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.6319%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e250\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 16.1689%; height: 35.6px; text-align: center;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e150\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.6419%; height: 35.6px; text-align: center;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e550\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.8216%; text-align: center; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e200\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.8008%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eResistance in 0.5M NaCl (Ω cm2)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.6319%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2.0\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 16.1689%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.8\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.6419%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.8216%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.0\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.8008%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eResistance in 0.25M H2SO4 (Ω cm2)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.6319%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 16.1689%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.6419%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e25\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.8216%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.8008%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTransport Number (Cl-)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.6319%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.95\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 16.1689%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.95\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.6419%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.8216%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e0.95\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.8008%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eReinforcement\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.6319%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003eWoven Fabric\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 16.1689%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003eNo\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.6419%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003eWoven Fabric\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.8216%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003eWoven Fabric\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.8008%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.6319%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 16.1689%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.6419%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15.8216%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cem\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Note\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Application field for above SELEMION AEM membrane products:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e                  \u003cstrong\u003eAMVN\u003c\/strong\u003e: Electrodialysis (ED) and Redox Flow Battery (RFB)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e                  \u003cstrong\u003eDSVN\u003c\/strong\u003e: Electrodialysis (ED) and Organic Redox Flow Battery (ORFB)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e                  \u003cstrong\u003eAAVN\u003c\/strong\u003e: Electrodialysis (ED) and Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Battery (AORFB)  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e                  ASVN\u003c\/strong\u003e: Electrodialysis (ED) for acid recovery and Redox Flow Battery (RFB)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"QNYCL","offers":[{"title":"AMVN","offer_id":47288608194790,"sku":"CRFBEAEMSAMVN","price":149.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"DSVN","offer_id":47288608227558,"sku":"CRFBEAEMSDSVN","price":149.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"AAVN","offer_id":47288608260326,"sku":"CRFBEAEMSAAVN","price":169.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"ASVN","offer_id":47288750670054,"sku":"CRFBEAEMSASVN","price":169.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CRFBEAEMS_main.png?v=1769105525"},{"product_id":"cvrfbiemsppsu","title":"Sulfonated Polyphenylsulfone (SPPSU) Ion-Exchange Membrane for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB), CVRFBIEMSPPSU","description":"\u003cp\u003eIn a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB), the SPPSU (Sulfonated Polyphenylsulfone) membrane acts as the \"gatekeeper.\" Its job is to allow protons (H^+) to pass through to complete the electrical circuit while blocking vanadium ions (V^{2+}, V^{3+}, VO^{2+}, VO2^+) from mixing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIon Selectivity\u003c\/strong\u003e: SPPSU has a high ion selectivity, which is the ratio of proton conductivity to vanadium permeability. Because the pores in SPPSU are generally smaller and less interconnected than those in perfluorinated membranes, the bulky vanadium ions find it much harder to \"leak\" through.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCapacity Retention\u003c\/strong\u003e: Because it blocks vanadium crossover so effectively, VRFBs using SPPSU often show much higher Coulombic Efficiency (CE) and slower capacity decay over hundreds of cycles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 182.637px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCVRFBIEMSPPSU (C-VRFB-IEM-SPPSU)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Formula\/Structure\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CVRFBIEMSPPSU_chemical_structure_160x160.png?v=1770181139\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTransparent\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSulfation Degree \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e30%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimension\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eT 25 or 50 um * L 100mm * W 100 mm (Other membrane sizes can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eIon Conductivity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e7.9 mS\/cm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e40-45 MPa\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eApplication Note\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(1) The 25 um thickness membrane is mainly used for high energy density field due to its low resistance\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The 50 um thickness membrane is mainly used for long-term cycling filed due to its high blocking capability to vanadium ions.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1 pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1）\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2016\/ta\/c6ta00698a\/unauth\"\u003eB. P. Gindt, et al., Nanoporous polysulfone membranes via a degradable block copolymer precursor for redox flow batteries, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016,4, 4288-4295\u003c\/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0376738808007618\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acsapm.4c01262\"\u003eS. Swaby, et al., Block Copolymer-Based Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance, ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2024, 6, 15, 8966–8976\u003c\/a\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0376738820310255\"\u003e.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"ZHCN","offers":[{"title":"T 25um * W 100mm * L100mm","offer_id":47323586494694,"sku":"CFBEFCIEMSPEEKT25","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"T 50um * W 100mm * L100mm","offer_id":47323586527462,"sku":"CVRFBIEMSPPSUT50","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CVRFBIEMSPPSU_main.png?v=1770181139"},{"product_id":"crfbecemf","title":"Cation-Exchange Membrane (Fumasep, F Series) for Redox Flow Battery and Electrolyzer, CRFBECEMF","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fumasep F-series (produced by Fumatech BWT) comprises a broad range of high-performance cation exchange membranes (CEMs). While Nafion is the standard for acidic fuel cells, the Fumasep F-series is the \"Swiss Army Knife\" of CEMs, offering specialized grades for everything from vanadium redox flow batteries to large-scale industrial electrodialysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eF-930-RFD (Reinforced Flow-battery Durability)\u003c\/strong\u003e: This is a specialized, thin membrane designed for Redox Flow Batteries. It contains an internal reinforcement that allows it to be very thin (30 μm) for low ohmic loss while preventing the membrane from stretching or tearing under the weight of the electrolyte. It has an area resistance of \u0026lt; 0.21 Ω cm^2 in sulfuric acid, making it one of the most efficient VRFB separators.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eF-1850 (The \"Blend\" Membrane)\u003c\/strong\u003e: F-1850 membrane is mainly used in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC) and flow batteries. It is a non-reinforced \"blend\" membrane (50 μm). It is specifically formulated to have a higher \"blocking\" capability, meaning it prevents methanol or vanadium ions from crossing over more effectively than standard PFSA films of the same thickness.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eF-10120 \u0026amp; F-10120-PK (The Electrolysis Workhorses)\u003c\/strong\u003e: These are much thicker membranes (120 μm) designed for long-term industrial use. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eF-10120\u003c\/strong\u003e: A standard, thick PFSA film. Its primary advantage is chlorine resistance and high oxidative stability, making it ideal for electrode protection in harsh chemical environments. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eF-10120-PK\u003c\/strong\u003e: This version adds a Polyetheretherketone (PEEK\/PK) woven mesh. This mesh makes the membrane virtually indestructible in a stack, allowing it to withstand high differential pressures between the hydrogen and oxygen sides in a water electrolyzer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 1048px;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003ePart Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003eCRFBECEMF930\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 238px;\"\u003eCRFBECEMF1850\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 219.562px;\"\u003eCRFBECEMF10120\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 212.438px;\"\u003eCRFBECEMF10120PK\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003e Name\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003eF-930-RFD\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 238px;\"\u003eF-1850\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 219.562px;\"\u003eF-10120\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 212.438px;\"\u003eF-10120-PK\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eThickness (um)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e30\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 238px;\"\u003e50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 219.562px;\"\u003e120\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 212.438px;\"\u003e120\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eReinforcement\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003eYes (PE)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 238px;\"\u003eNone (Self-supporting)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 219.562px;\"\u003eNone (Self-supporting)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 212.438px;\"\u003eYes (PEEK Mesh)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eArea Resistance (Ω·cm²)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 238px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 219.562px;\"\u003e0.79\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 212.438px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.8\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength (MPa)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\u0026gt;70\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 238px;\"\u003e\u0026gt;30\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 219.562px;\"\u003e27-31\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 212.438px;\"\u003e\u0026gt;40\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelectivity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e-\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 238px;\"\u003e\u0026gt;99%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 219.562px;\"\u003e93-94%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 212.438px;\"\u003e\u0026gt;95%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTypical Use Case\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003eWater Electrolysis \u0026amp; Redox Flow Battery\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 238px;\"\u003eVanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB), Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 219.562px;\"\u003eHarsh Oxidative Electrochemistry\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 212.438px;\"\u003eChlorine Electrolysis \u0026amp; Oxidative Electrochemistry \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 238px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 219.562px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 212.438px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Note\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) \u003cstrong\u003eF-930-RFD\u003c\/strong\u003e: Treated with 10 wt% H2SO4, 70-100 °C, 6 h and DI H2O rinsing. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003cstrong\u003eF-1850\u003c\/strong\u003e: Direct use with dry form.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(3) \u003cstrong\u003eF-10120\u003c\/strong\u003e: Treated with 0.5 M NaCl，25°C，72h, and then several time refresh of soak solution. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(4) \u003cstrong\u003eF-10120-PK\u003c\/strong\u003e: Direct use with dry form, or use acid treatment as F-930-RFD. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CLKXZ","offers":[{"title":"F-930-RFD","offer_id":47372504662246,"sku":"CRFBECEMF930RFD","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"F-1850","offer_id":47372504695014,"sku":"CRFBECEMF1850","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"F-10120","offer_id":47372504727782,"sku":"CRFBECEMF10120","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"F-10120-PK","offer_id":47372504760550,"sku":"CRFBECEMF10120PK","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CRFBECEMF_main.png?v=1771657245"},{"product_id":"cfbefccemf14100","title":"Cation-Exchange Membrane (Fumasep, F14100) for Flow Battery, Electrolzyer and Fuel Cell, CFBEFCCEMF14100","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fumasep F-14100 is a heavy-duty, perfluorinated cation-exchange membrane (PFSA) manufactured by Fumatech BWT. Within the Fumatech lineup, it serves as the \"extra-thick\" equivalent to Nafion™ 115 or 117, offering maximum durability and chemical barrier properties. The \"14\" in the name typically refers to its Equivalent Weight (EW) of approximately 1400 g\/eq, while the \"100\" denotes its nominal dry thickness of 100 µm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause the F-14100 is significantly thicker than standard fuel cell membranes (which are often 20–30 µm), it is used in \"high-barrier\" electrochemical processes: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eDirect Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC)\u003c\/strong\u003e: This is the primary use case. Thinner membranes allow methanol to \"crossover\" from the anode to the cathode, which wastes fuel and kills performance. The 100 µm thickness of the F-14100 acts as a powerful physical barrier to keep methanol where it belongs. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eProton-Exchange Membrane\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eWater Electrolysis (PEMWE)\u003c\/strong\u003e: Used in systems where gas purity is the top priority. The thickness ensures that Hydrogen and Oxygen do not mix across the membrane, even under high pressure. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eVanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFB)\u003c\/strong\u003e: Ideal for long-duration storage systems. It provides superior blocking of vanadium ions compared to thinner grades, leading to higher coulombic efficiency and slower self-discharge.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePart Number\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCFBEFCCEMF14100 (C-FBEFC-CEM-F14100)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eFunctional Group\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e Sulfonic Acid (–SO₃⁻)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eReinforcement\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eNone\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eThickness (um)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~100 um\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eIon Exchange Capacity (meq\/g)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~0.56-0.84\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eArea Resistance (Ω·cm² 25℃, H₂O)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;0.25\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimensional Swelling\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;16 wt%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePrimary Applications\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eDMFC, PEMWE, VFRB\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e10cm*10cm\/pcs\/pack (other sheet size of 20cm*20cm also can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Note\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe F-14100 is supplied in the H+ (Proton) form and is delivered as a dry, transparent foil. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eRemoval of Backing Foil\u003c\/strong\u003e: The membrane is delivered on a clear PET backing foil. You must carefully peel the membrane away from this plastic before assembly.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003cstrong\u003eActivation\u003c\/strong\u003e: While it can be used \"as-is,\" many protocols recommend a hot-acid soak to ensure maximum proton conductivity: (a) Soak in 5–10 wt% H2SO4 at 80°C for 2–4 hours. (b) Rinse multiple times with deionized water.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(3) \u003cstrong\u003eHydration\u003c\/strong\u003e: Always pre-soak the membrane in your target electrolyte for 24 hours before final cutting. The 100 µm film will expand significantly when wet; if you cut it dry and install it, it will wrinkle and leak once it hydrates inside the cell.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReference:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/admt.202300720\"\u003eN. Weber, et al., Tailoring Pore Networks – Gas Diffusion Electrodes via Additive Manufacturing, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 8, 2300720\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.1c03698\"\u003eX. Wei, et al., Efficient Electrocatalytic N2 Reduction on Three-Phase Interface Coupled in a Three-Compartment Flow Reactor for the Ambient NH3 Synthesis, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 18, 21411–21425\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"CLKXZ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47376517169382,"sku":"CFBEFCCEMF14100","price":189.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CFBEFCCEMF14100_main.png?v=1771791707"},{"product_id":"cfbeefcaemfaa3","title":"Anion-Exchange Membrane (Fumasep, FAA-3 Series) for Flow Battery, Electrodialysis, Electrolyzer, and Fuel Cell, CFBEEFCAEMFAA3","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fumasep FAA-3 series is a family of hydrocarbon-based anion exchange membranes (AEMs) based on a polyaromatic backbone with quaternary ammonium functional groups. Produced by Fumatech BWT, they are the industry standard for alkaline electrolysis, fuel cells, and CO2 reduction.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFAA-3-30 and FAA-3-50 (Non-Reinforced)\u003c\/strong\u003e: These are \"homogeneous\" films, meaning they consist purely of the ion-exchange polymer without an internal fabric mesh. (1) \u003cstrong\u003ePros\u003c\/strong\u003e: Lowest possible electrical resistance (ASR) because there is no \"dead space\" taken up by non-conductive reinforcement fibers. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eCons\u003c\/strong\u003e: They are prone to significant swelling and are mechanically delicate. It is best to be used for small-scale laboratory research where you want to minimize voltage losses.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFAA-3-PE-30 (The \"Power\" Reinforced Membrane)\u003c\/strong\u003e: This grade uses an ultra-thin Polyethylene (PE) reinforcement. It allows the membrane to stay at 30 μm (the same as the unreinforced FAA-3-30) while providing enough mechanical strength to prevent tearing during stack assembly. It can be mainly used for multi-cell stacks where high efficiency is required but manual handling of unreinforced 30 μm films is too risky.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFAA-3-PK Series (75 and 130 μm): These membranes are reinforced with a woven PEEK (Polyetheretherketone) mesh. PEEK mesh is highly resistant to heat and chemicals, in which the skeleton ensuring the membrane does not sag or stretch even in large-format industrial frames. These reinforced membranes are suitable for industrial bipolar electrodialysis (EDBM) or high-pressure water electrolyzers where the membrane must withstand pressure differentials between chambers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCFBEEFCAEMFAA330\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCFBEEFCAEMFAA3PE30\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCFBEEFCAEMFAAFAA350\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCFBEEFCAEMFAA3PK75\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMembrane Name\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFAA-3-30\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFAA-3-PE-30\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFAA-3-50\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFAA-3-PK-75\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eThickness (um)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e26-34\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e26-34\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e45-55\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e70-80\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eReinforcement\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo (Self-Supporting)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes (PE Mesh)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo (Self-Supporting)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYes (Peek Mesh)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimensional Swelling \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;1%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eArea Resistance (Cl-, Ω·cm²)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;2.0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;1.3\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e0.6-1.5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.2-2.0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eElectrical Conductivity (Cl-, mS\/cm)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;5.0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;2.0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.5-6.5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;1.5\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eIon Exchange Capacity (IEC)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.67-2.04 meq\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.4-1.6 meq\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.6-2.1 meq\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.2-2.0 meq\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eKey Characteristics \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBalanced thin-film performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReinforced but ultra-thin; low ASR.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBetter gas barrier; higher durability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRobust; excellent dimensional stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eApplication Cases\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOrganic Redox Flow Batteries (Aqueous), Lab-scale AEMWE \/ AEMFC\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHigh-power density stacks\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAEM Electrolysis \/ CO2 RR\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndustrial stacks \/ EDBM\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 15%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 21.027%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18.973%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 18%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUse Note:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll FAA-3 membranes are shipped in a stable Bromide (Br-) form and are dry. They must be converted to the active Hydroxide (OH-) form before use.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) \u003cstrong\u003ePeel the Backer\u003c\/strong\u003e: The membranes arrive on a clear PET backing foil. You must peel this plastic off before cutting or assembling.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003cstrong\u003eActivation\u003c\/strong\u003e: Soak in 1.0 M KOH at room temperature for 12–24 hours.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(3) \u003cstrong\u003eHydration\u003c\/strong\u003e: Always pre-soak the membrane for at least 24 hours before final cutting. These hydrocarbon membranes swell significantly in X and Y directions; if you cut them dry, they will wrinkle and buckle inside your cell once they hit the electrolyte.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarbonation Warning: Once converted to OH-, keep the membrane in a CO2-free environment (sealed bag or submerged in electrolyte). Exposure to air will convert the OH- to CO3^{2-}, which significantly increases electrical resistance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4360\/15\/6\/1555\"\u003eC. L. Vecchio, et al., Investigation of Fumasep® FAA3-50 Membranes in Alkaline Direct Methanol Fuel Cells, Polymers, 2023, 15, 1555\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.5c13225\"\u003eY. Zhao, et al., Screening Anion Exchange Membranes for CO2 Electrolysis, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2025, 17, 40, 56164–56174\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlehtml\/2025\/ta\/d5ta05372b\"\u003eY. Gong, Composite membranes with tailored interfaces for high-efficiency anion exchange membrane-based alkaline water and simulated alkaline seawater electrolysis, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2025, 13, 28546-28558\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"CLKXZ","offers":[{"title":"FAA-3-30","offer_id":47376563241190,"sku":"CFBEEFCAEMFAA330","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"FAA-30-PE-30","offer_id":47376563273958,"sku":"CFBEEFCAEMFAA30PE30","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"FAA-3-50","offer_id":47376563306726,"sku":"CFBEEFCAEMFAA350","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"FAA-3-PK-75","offer_id":47376563339494,"sku":"CFBEEFCAEMFAA3PK75","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CFBEEFCAEMFAA3_main.png?v=1771795696"},{"product_id":"cfbeaemfabpk","title":"Anion-Exchange Membrane (Fumasep, FAB-PK Series) for Flow Battery and Electrodialysis, CFBEAEMFABPK","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Fumasep FAB-PK series is a specialized line of reinforced anion exchange membranes (AEMs) designed specifically for acid processing and bipolar membrane electrodialysis (EDBM). While the FAA series is the general-purpose choice for electrolysis and fuel cells, the FAB series is engineered with a proprietary \"low proton crossover\" chemistry. This makes it the preferred choice for applications where you need to block protons (H+) from leaking across the membrane, such as in the production of highly concentrated acids.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe primary applications of the FAB-PK series membranes are: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eAcid\/Base Production (EDBM): \u003c\/strong\u003eIn a Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis stack, the FAB membrane is used as the anion-selective layer. Its unique chemistry prevents protons generated at the bipolar interface from migrating into the salt chamber. This allows for the production of much higher concentrations of acid (e.g., HCl or H2SO4) than standard anion membranes. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eAcid Concentration and Recovery\u003c\/strong\u003e: The FAB series is highly effective in processes designed to concentrate acidic solutions. Because of its high proton-blocking capability, it ensures that the acid remains on one side of the membrane while other ions are transported. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eNon-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries\u003c\/strong\u003e: Due to the stable polyaromatic backbone and PEEK reinforcement, the FAB-PK-130 is often cited as a candidate for organic redox flow batteries using solvents like acetonitrile. The reinforcement prevents the membrane from excessive swelling or \"gelation\" when exposed to organic electrolytes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100.036%; height: 192.637px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCFBEAEMFABPK75\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCFBEAEMFABPK130\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMembrane Name\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFAB-PK-75\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFAB-PK-130\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eThickness (um)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~75 μm (60–90 range)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~130 μm (110–150 range)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eReinforcement\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYes (PEEK Mesh)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYes (PEEK Mesh)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBacking Foil\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNone\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNone\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDelivery Form\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDry (Br-)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDry (Br-)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e Area Resistance (Cl-, Ω·cm²)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt; 4.0\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5-9\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelectivity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;92%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e93-98%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength (MPa)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;40\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e40-80\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Conductivity (mS\/cm)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~3.3\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~2.5\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eIon Exchange Capacity (IEC)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~1.2 – 1.4 meq\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~0.8 – 1.1 meq\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eApplication Cases\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrodialysis with Bipolar Membranes (EDBM); Acid Concentration\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEDBM Acid Production; Wastewater Treatment; Organic Flow Batteries\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 34.6997%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.7785%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.9464%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Note\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProper activation is essential to transition the membrane from its stable shipping form to its active operational state.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eShipping Form\u003c\/strong\u003e: Delivered dry in the Bromide (Br-) form.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eActivation\u003c\/strong\u003e: Soak the membrane in 0.5 M NaCl at 25°C for 72 hours, exchanging the solution several times. This hydrates the polymer and converts it to the Chloride (Cl-) form.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimensional Stability\u003c\/strong\u003e: Because it is reinforced with a PK mesh, it has excellent dimensional stability (\u0026lt; 2% swelling in water). However, once hydrated, never let it dry out. Shrinkage can cause micro-cracks in the polymer resin around the rigid reinforcement fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCutting\u003c\/strong\u003e: Always use a new, sharp blade and wear protective gloves to avoid micro-punctures or scratches that cause internal leaks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acsapm.5c00148\"\u003eM. F. Rochow, et al., Methodology for Selecting Anion and Cation Exchange Membranes Based on Salt Transport Properties for Bipolar Membrane Fabrication, ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2025, 7, 9, 5456–5464\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0360319920342440\"\u003eS. Changkhamchom, et al., Anion exchange membranes composed of quaternized polybenzimidazole and quaternized graphene oxide for glucose fuel cell, I. J. International Hydrogen, 2021, 46, 5642-5652\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"CLKXZ","offers":[{"title":"FAB-PK-75","offer_id":47377023926502,"sku":"CFBEAEMFABPK75","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"FAB-PK-130","offer_id":47377023959270,"sku":"CFBEAEMFABPK130","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CFBEAEMFAB_main.png?v=1771809914"},{"product_id":"cfbefcrcemg","title":"Reinforced Cation-Exchange Membrane (Gore, M series) for Flow Battery, Electrolyzer and Fuel Cell, CFBEFCRCEMG","description":"\u003cp\u003eW. L. Gore \u0026amp; Associates is a pioneer in reinforced cation exchange membranes (CEMs), specifically their GORE-SELECT® product line. While \"Nafion\" is often the household name for these materials, Gore revolutionized the field by introducing ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) reinforcement, which allows for much thinner membranes without sacrificing mechanical strength.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTraditional CEMs (like standard Nafion 117) are thick, homogenous sheets of ionomer. Gore’s approach uses a \"scaffold\" technique: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eThe Reinforcement\u003c\/strong\u003e: A microporous ePTFE skeleton provides high mechanical strength and dimensional stability. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eThe Ionomer\u003c\/strong\u003e: High-conductivity perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) fills the pores of the skeleton. The ultrathin membrane thickness as low as 5–15um significantly reduces ohmic resistance, leading to much higher power densities. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGore is the market leader for automotive fuel cell membranes. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eAutomotive\/Heavy Duty\u003c\/strong\u003e: The M775.15 and M765.08 series are optimized for passenger and commercial vehicles. They handle the rapid \"wet-dry\" cycling of automotive use better than non-reinforced membranes, which tend to crack under the mechanical stress of swelling and shrinking. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eDry Performance\u003c\/strong\u003e: Their thinness allows for better back-diffusion of water from the cathode to the anode, enabling the fuel cell to operate at lower relative humidity (RH) levels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGore recently expanded its focus to large-scale hydrogen production with the GORE® PEM for Water Electrolysis. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eEfficiency\u003c\/strong\u003e: By reducing membrane thickness while maintaining gas crossover safety (keeping H2 out of the O2 stream), these membranes can improve voltage efficiency by roughly 5% over thicker industry standards. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eIntermittent Loading\u003c\/strong\u003e: Designed to handle the fluctuating power input from renewable sources (wind\/solar) without mechanical failure.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eM765.08\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eM788.12\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eM820.15\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eM735.18\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eMembrane Color \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eTransparent\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eTransparent\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBlack\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBlack\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eThickness (um)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e8\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e12\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e15\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e18\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eProton Resistance (mohm*cm2)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;80\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;120\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;80\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;150\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eHydrogen Permittivity (mA\/cm2\/MPa) \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e40\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e30\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e20\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e20\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength (MPa), MD\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e91\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e71\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e38\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eTensile Strength (MPa), TD\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e96\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e76\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e39\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e52\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eVolume Expansion Rate (%)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u0026lt;5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eReinforce\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eYes (ePTFE)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eYes (ePTFE)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eYes (ePTFE)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eYes (ePTFE)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eKey Characteristics\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eUltra-thin for max power density; designed for dry operation.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eA \"secret weapon\" for balancing cost, performance, and durability.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eHigh mechanical durability for longer life cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\"Extreme duty\" thickness for harsh environments and research.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eApplication Note\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePassenger Vehicles (FCEV)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eAutomotive \/ Heavy-Duty\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eBackup Power \/ Range Extenders\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eExtreme Duty \/ Aerospace\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10cm * 10cm\/pcs\/pack\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse Note\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) Selected Critias based on application conditions: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you need max efficiency\/compactness: Choose M765.08.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are building a standard automotive stack: Choose M788.12.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you need 20,000+ hours of operation: Choose M820.15 or M735.18.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) No chemical pre-teatment is needed. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(3) These membranes (especially \u003cb data-index-in-node=\"36\" data-path-to-node=\"13\"\u003eM765.08\u003c\/b\u003e) are essentially \"gossamer thin,\" handling is the most critical part of the \"treatment.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"14\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"14,0,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-index-in-node=\"0\" data-path-to-node=\"14,0,0\"\u003eBacker Removal:\u003c\/b\u003e Gore membranes often come with a protective polymer backer (usually PET or PEN).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"14,0,1\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"14,0,1,0,0\"\u003eDo \u003cb data-index-in-node=\"3\" data-path-to-node=\"14,0,1,0,0\"\u003enot\u003c\/b\u003e remove the backer until the last possible second.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"14,0,1,1,0\"\u003eIf you are direct-coating catalyst ink (Slot-die or Spray), the backer provides the necessary tension to keep the membrane flat.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"14,1,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-index-in-node=\"0\" data-path-to-node=\"14,1,0\"\u003eStatic Control:\u003c\/b\u003e These films are highly prone to static electricity, which attracts dust. Use \u003cb data-index-in-node=\"93\" data-path-to-node=\"14,1,0\"\u003eionizing air blowers\u003c\/b\u003e in your assembly area to keep the surface pristine.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"14,2,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-index-in-node=\"0\" data-path-to-node=\"14,2,0\"\u003eTensioning:\u003c\/b\u003e When moving a membrane like the \u003cb data-index-in-node=\"44\" data-path-to-node=\"14,2,0\"\u003eM788.12\u003c\/b\u003e into a coating frame, it must be held under uniform tension. If the membrane is \"loose,\" the solvent in your catalyst ink will cause localized swelling, leading to \"mud-cracking\" in your catalyst layer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(4) For Gore membranes, the primary \"treatment\" happens inside the cell after assembly. This is known as the \u003cstrong\u003eBreak-in or Activation Protocol\u003c\/strong\u003e. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eInitial Hydration\u003c\/strong\u003e: Once the stack is assembled, it is operated at high humidity (100 %RH) and low current to fully hydrate the ionomer channels within the ePTFE scaffold. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eVoltage Cycling\u003c\/strong\u003e: Most protocols for M765 and M788 involve cycling the voltage between 0.6V and 0.9V. This \"pumps\" water through the membrane, ensuring all sulfonic acid sites are connected by a continuous water network. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eTimeframe\u003c\/strong\u003e: Modern GORE-SELECT® membranes are designed for \"Rapid Conditioning,\" often reaching 95% of their peak performance within 2–4 hours of operation, compared to 24+ hours for older technologies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"SEN","offers":[{"title":"M765.08","offer_id":47402564223206,"sku":"CFBEFCRCEMGM765","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"M788.12","offer_id":47402564255974,"sku":"CFBEFCRCEMGM788","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"M820.15","offer_id":47402564288742,"sku":"CFBEFCRCEMGM820","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"M735.18","offer_id":47402564321510,"sku":"CFBEFCRCEMGM735","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CFBEFCRCEMG_main.png?v=1772390138"}],"url":"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/collections\/membranes-for-redox-flow-battery.oembed","provider":"EChem Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}