{"title":"Precursors for Col SOEC \u0026 SOFC","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"csseyszspcnzro2","title":"Zirconia Oxide (ZrO2, ~20 nm, \u003e99.99%) Precursor Nanopowder for Solid-State Electrolyte or YSZ Synthesis, 100-500 g\/bottle, CSSEYSZSPCNZrO2","description":"\u003cp\u003eNanoscale zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), typically featuring particle diameters between 15 nm and 50 nm is a highly critical precursor for synthesizing Garnet-type oxide solid-state electrolytes, specifically lithium lanthanum zirconate (Li7La3Zr2O12, LLZO). In the cubic garnet lattice, zirconium coordinates with oxygen to form ZrO6]^{8-} octahedra, which act as the rigid structural framework supporting the highly disordered channels where mobile Li+ ions diffuse. Because ZrO2 is exceptionally refractory (melting point of 2715°C), switching from traditional micro-scale powder to a high-surface-area nano-precursor fundamentally alters the sintering thermodynamics and phase evolution during synthesis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuadratic Lowering of Diffusion Distance\u003c\/strong\u003e: Solid-state synthesis of complex oxides is limited by the rate of atomic interdiffusion across precursor phase boundaries. According to the classical parabolic diffusion relationship: x^2 = 2Dt. Where x is the diffusion distance, D is the diffusion coefficient, and t is time. Reducing the starting particle size of ZrO2 from 10 nm to 20 nm shortens the required diffusion distance by nearly three orders of magnitude. This prevents the formation of unreacted zirconium cores, which are the primary nucleation sites for the highly resistive lanthanum zirconate pyrochlore impurity phase (La2Zr2O7).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSuppression of Lithium Volatilization\u003c\/strong\u003e: Standard micro-scale LLZO processing requires high calcination and sintering temperatures (1100°C to 1230°C) to drive the refractory zirconium into the garnet lattice. At these elevated temperatures, lithium species volatilize aggressively as gaseous Li2O, causing the cubic phase to shift toward a poorly conductive tetragonal phase. The immense surface free energy of nano-ZrO2 provides a high thermodynamic driving force that lowers the cubic phase nucleation temperature to 650°C to 700°C. This preserves the target stoichiometry, allowing you to minimize or eliminate the unpredictable 10–15 wt% lithium excess typically required in micro-scale synthesis formulations.        \u003cimg\u003e                 \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 367.288px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCSSEYSZSPCNZrO2 (C-SSEYSZS-PNPZrO2)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1314-23-4\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e123.22 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.05 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eD50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~20 nm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2700 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5000 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5.89 g\/mL at 25 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e100 g, 200 g, 500 g, and 1 kg\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the ZrO2 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.0c22422\"\u003eJ. Bidal, et al. Hybrid Electrolytes Based on Optimized Ionic Liquid Quantity Tethered on ZrO2 Nanoparticles for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Conduction, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 13, 15159–15167\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/smtd.202401019\"\u003eP. Kumari, et al. Pristine NASICON Electrolyte: A High Ionic Conductivity and Enhanced Dendrite Resistance Through Zirconia (ZrO2) Impurity-free Solid-Electrolyte Design, Small Methods, 2025, 9, 2401019\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"ZYXCL","offers":[{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47753092530406,"sku":"CSSEYSZSPCNZrO2W100","price":69.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 g","offer_id":47753092563174,"sku":"CSSEYSZSPCNZrO2W200","price":119.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 g","offer_id":47753092595942,"sku":"CSSEYSZSPCNZrO2W500","price":249.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCNLaO_main.png?v=1780850704"},{"product_id":"cyszsy2o3pnp","title":"Y2O3 (Yttrium Oxide) Precursor Nanopowder (~20 nm, \u003e99.99%) for YSZ (Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia) Synthesis, 100-500 g\/bottle, CYSZSY2O3PNP","description":"\u003cp\u003eUtilizing ~20 nm Yttria (Y2O3) precursor nanopowder represents the gold standard for achieving high reactivity, compositional homogeneity, and lower sintering temperatures in Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) synthesis—whether preparing 3YSZ for mechanical strength or 8YSZ for high ionic conductivity in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) and Electrolysis Cells (SOEC).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe key advantages of 20 nm Y2O3 nanopowder are: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eDrastically Lowered Diffusion Barriers\u003c\/strong\u003e: Solid-state reactions between Y2O3 and ZrO2 are diffusion-controlled. Reducing the yttria particle size down to ~ 20 nm provides an immense specific surface area (often ~30 m2\/g), shortening diffusion paths and enabling atomic-scale interdiffusion at much lower thermal budgets. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eReduction of Calcination Temperatures\u003c\/strong\u003e: While coarser micro-sized yttria requires calcination temperatures exceeding 1300 °C to 1400 °C  to fully react with zirconia, highly reactive ~20 nm powders allow complete solid-solution formation at 1000°C to 1150°C. This prevents premature grain growth and particle coarsening. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eElimination of Phase Segregation (Homogeneity)\u003c\/strong\u003e: Coarse Y2O3 often leaves unreacted pockets, resulting in localized zones of monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic phases that compromise mechanical integrity and ionic conductivity. Nano-scale mixing ensures uniform yttrium dopant distribution throughout the zirconia lattice from the very first firing step.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 357.812px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.6875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.2374%; height: 40.6875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 71.4029%; height: 40.6875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCYSZSY2O3PNP (C-YSZS-Y2O3PNP)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.2374%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 71.4029%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1314-36-9\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.2374%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 71.4029%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.2374%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 71.4029%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e225.81 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 38.325px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.2374%; height: 38.325px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 71.4029%; height: 38.325px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhite Powder\u003csub\u003e\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.2374%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDensity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 71.4029%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5.01 g\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.2374%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAverage Powder Size\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 71.4029%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~20 nm (50 nm, 100 nm also can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 28.2374%; height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 71.4029%; height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e100 g, 200 g, and 500 g\/bottle (other higher quantity grade, such as 1000 g or higher can be supplied upon request)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0925838808007986\"\u003eC. W. Kuo, et al., Effect of Y2O3 addition on the crystal growth and sintering behavior of YSZ nanopowders prepared by a sol–gel process, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 472, 186-193\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12034-014-0033-2\"\u003eMorteza Hajizadeh-Oghaz, Large-scale synthesis of YSZ nanopowder by Pechini method, Bulletin of Materials Science, 2014, 37, 969–973\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"ZYXCL","offers":[{"title":"100 g","offer_id":67688623964390,"sku":"CYSZSY2O3PNP100","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 g","offer_id":67688623997158,"sku":"CYSZSY2O3PNP200","price":169.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 g","offer_id":67688624029926,"sku":"CYSZSY2O3PNP500","price":399.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CYSZSY2O3PNP_main.jpg?v=1791822481"}],"url":"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/collections\/precursors-for-soec-sofc.oembed","provider":"EChem Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}