{"title":"Precursors","description":"\u003cp data-end=\"587\" data-start=\"48\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"62\" data-start=\"48\"\u003ePrecursors\u003c\/strong\u003e are foundational chemicals used to synthesize battery and energy-storage materials, playing a critical role in developing \u003cstrong data-end=\"223\" data-start=\"185\"\u003ecathode and anode active materials\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong data-end=\"253\" data-start=\"225\"\u003esolid-state electrolytes\u003c\/strong\u003e, and functional coatings or additive systems. This collection features research-grade precursor materials selected for electrochemical R\u0026amp;D, including common \u003cstrong data-end=\"426\" data-start=\"411\"\u003emetal salts\u003c\/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong data-end=\"449\" data-start=\"428\"\u003eoxides\/hydroxides\u003c\/strong\u003e, and \u003cstrong data-is-only-node=\"\" data-end=\"484\" data-start=\"455\"\u003ecarbonate\/sulfate\/nitrate\u003c\/strong\u003e chemistries—ideal for formulation screening, materials synthesis, and early-stage scale-up validation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"746\" data-start=\"589\"\u003eOn \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 128, 0);\"\u003eechemsupplies.com\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e, you can quickly source precursor options for a range of battery chemistries and workflows, such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-end=\"1189\" data-start=\"747\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"848\" data-start=\"747\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"848\" data-start=\"749\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"784\" data-start=\"749\"\u003eLithium-ion batteries (Li-ion):\u003c\/strong\u003e precursor pathways for LFP, NMC\/NCA, LMO, and related materials\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"942\" data-start=\"849\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"942\" data-start=\"851\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"887\" data-start=\"851\"\u003eSodium-ion and emerging systems:\u003c\/strong\u003e new cathode\/anode and electrolyte material exploration\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"1051\" data-start=\"943\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1051\" data-start=\"945\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"995\" data-start=\"945\"\u003eSolid-state batteries \u0026amp; interface engineering:\u003c\/strong\u003e precursors for solid electrolytes and interphase layers\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-end=\"1189\" data-start=\"1052\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1189\" data-start=\"1054\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"1100\" data-start=\"1054\"\u003eSurface modification \u0026amp; performance tuning:\u003c\/strong\u003e materials that support controlled morphology, doping strategies, and interface stability\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-end=\"1580\" data-start=\"1191\"\u003eWe provide clear specifications and consistent lot handling to help you streamline synthesis, composition optimization, particle engineering, and electrochemical performance evaluation. Whether you are screening new materials, reproducing published methods, or building a reliable sourcing pipeline, this Precursors collection is a dependable starting point for battery materials research.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"clibpcncm622oh","title":"Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2(OH)2 Precursor Powder for NCM622 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNCM622OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: Li2CO3, LiOH) to synthesize the NCM622 cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 800-950 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg\u003e\u003cimg height=\"50\" width=\"529\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_NCM622_synthesis.jpg?v=1763620846\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 224.725px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNCM622OH (C-LIB-PC-NCM622OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: Co: Mn = 6.12 : 1.98 : 1.96\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 55.575px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 55.575px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpurity Content\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 55.575px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNa: 232 ppm;  Fe: 18 ppm;  Zn: 102 ppm;  Mg: 19 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 5.4 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =11.0 um;   D90 = 18.6 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e2.39 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e4.09 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eWater Level\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e0.36 wt%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NCM622OH powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0013468614004149\"\u003eL. Liang, et al. Co–precipitation synthesis of Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2(OH)2 precursor and characterization of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material for secondary lithium batteries, Electrochimica Acta, 2014, 130, 82-89\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S001346861931134X\"\u003eQ. Zhu, et al. Effect of impeller type on preparing spherical and dense Ni1−x−yCoxMny(OH)2 precursor via continuous co-precipitation in pilot scale: A case of Ni0·6Co0·2Mn0·2(OH)2, Electrochimica Acta, 2019, 318, 1-13\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"SZKJ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46883177169126,"sku":"CLIBPCNCM622OH","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBCNCM622.png?v=1763488315"},{"product_id":"clibpcncm811oh","title":"Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2 Precursor Powder for NCM811 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNCM811OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: Li2CO3, LiOH) to synthesize the NCM811cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 750-800 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_NCM811_synthesis.jpg?v=1763623720\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\" width=\"322\" height=\"31\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 224.725px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNCM811OH (C-LIB-PC-NCM811OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 80.3 mol%,  Co: 10.5 mol%,  Mn: 9.2 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 4.5 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =9.3 um;   D90 = 15.0 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e2.0 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e6.2 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eWater Level\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e0.6 wt%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NCM811OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S027288421933706X\"\u003eY. Ding, et al. Controllable synthesis of spherical precursor Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2 for nickel-rich cathode material in Li-ion batteries, Ceramic International, 2020, 46,  9436-9445\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2014\/ob\/c8ta10438g\/unauth\"\u003eJ. Kim, et al. A method of increasing the energy density of layered Ni-rich Li[Ni1−2xCoxMnx]O2 cathodes (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2), J. Mater. Chem. A,  2019,7, 2694-2701\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"SZKJ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46883218489574,"sku":"CLIBPCNCM811OH","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCNCM811OH.png?v=1763746377"},{"product_id":"clibpcscncm811oh","title":"Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2 Precursor Powder for Single-Crystal NCM811 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCSCNCM811OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: Li2CO3, LiOH) to synthesize the NCM811cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 750-800 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_NCM811_synthesis.jpg?v=1763623720\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 224.725px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCSCNCM811OH (C-LIB-PC-SCNCM811OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 81.5 mol%,  Co: 10.3 mol%,  Mn: 8.2 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 2.3 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =3.2 um;   D90 = 4.6 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e1.66 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e14.6 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eWater Level\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e3000 ppm\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the SCNCM811OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsaem.2c00658\"\u003eY. Li, et al. Highly Dispersed Micrometer Nickel-Rich Single-Crystal Construction: Benefits of Supercritical Reconstruction during Hydrothermal Synthesis, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2022, 5, 6302–6312\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acs.iecr.4c03800\"\u003eQ. Han, et al. Study on the Effect of Coprecipitation Conditions on the Growth and Agglomeration of Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2 Particles, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2025, 64, 283–300\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46884675158246,"sku":"CLIBPCSCNCM811OH","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCSCNCM811OH.png?v=1763746304"},{"product_id":"clibpcncm9055oh","title":"Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05(OH)2 Precursor Powder for NCM9055 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNCM9055OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: Li2CO3, LiOH) to synthesize the NCM9055 cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 750-850 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg height=\"24\" width=\"281\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_NCM9055_synthesis.jpg?v=1763662621\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 224.725px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNCM9055OH (C-LIB-PC-NCM9055OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 90.1 mol%,  Co: 5.92 mol%,  Mn: 3.98 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 11.3 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =13.5 um;   D90 = 16.2 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e2.06 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e9.96 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NCM9055OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S2095495625008757\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eS. Zhang, et al. Structural engineering of nickel-rich cathode material for improved cycling performance of lithium-ion batteries, J. Energy Chem., 2026, 114,  52-59\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/eem2.70078\"\u003eJ. Wang, et al. Co-Precipitation of Ni-Rich Me(OH)2 Precursors for High Performance LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 Cathodes: A Review, Energy Environ. Mater., 2025, 8, e70078\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"SZKJ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46885249286374,"sku":"CLIBPCNCM9055OH","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCNCM9055OH.png?v=1763746192"},{"product_id":"clibpcscncm9055oh","title":"Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05(OH)2 Precursor Powder for Single-Crystal NCM9055 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCSCNCM9055OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: Li2CO3, LiOH) to synthesize the NCM9055 cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 750-850 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg height=\"24\" width=\"281\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_NCM9055_synthesis.jpg?v=1763662621\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 224.725px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCSCNCM9055OH (C-LIB-PC-SCNCM9055OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 90.2 mol%,  Co: 4.81 mol%,  Mn: 4.99 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 2.5 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =3.6 um;   D90 = 5.1 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e1.94 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e8.64 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NCM9055OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S2095495625008757\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eS. Zhang, et al. Structural engineering of nickel-rich cathode material for improved cycling performance of lithium-ion batteries, J. Energy Chem., 2026, 114,  52-59\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/eem2.70078\"\u003eJ. Wang, et al. Co-Precipitation of Ni-Rich Me(OH)2 Precursors for High Performance LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 Cathodes: A Review, Energy Environ. Mater., 2025, 8, e70078\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46885542854886,"sku":"CLIBPCSCNCM9055OH","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCSCNCM9055OH.png?v=1763746092"},{"product_id":"clibpcnca88oh","title":"Ni0.88Co0.09Al0.03(OH)2 Precursor Powder for LNCA (or NCA) Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNCA88OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.88Co0.09Al0.03(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: LiOH) to synthesize the LNCA cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 750-850 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_LNCA_synthesis.jpg?v=1763695951\" alt=\"\" width=\"296\" height=\"29\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 195.525px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNCA88OH (C-LIB-PC-NCA88OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 88.0 mol%,  Co: 0.09 mol%,  Al: 0.03 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 5.8 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =17.0 um;   D90 = 26.9 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.90 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e18.6 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NCA88OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0378775322000684\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eS. Fan, et al. Improvement of electrochemical performance of nickel-rich LiNi0.88Co0.09Al0.03O2 through calcination regulation of primary grains, J. Power Source, 2022, 523, 231044\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.1c07551\"\u003eP. Xiao, et al. Simple Strategy for Synthesizing LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 Using CoAl-LDH Nanosheet-Coated Ni(OH)2 as the Precursor: Dual Effects of the Buffer Layer and Synergistic Diffusion, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 29714–29725\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46887819018470,"sku":"CLIBPCNCA88OH","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCNCA88OH.png?v=1763745913"},{"product_id":"clibpcnc91oh","title":"Ni0.9Co0.1(OH)2 Precursor Powder for LNCO Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNC91OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.9Co0.1(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: LiOH) to synthesize the LNCO cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 750-850 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_LNCO_synthesis.jpg?v=1763704547\" alt=\"\" width=\"252\" height=\"31\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 195.525px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNC91OH (C-LIB-PC-NC91OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 56.58 wt%,  Co: 6.07 wt%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 1.5 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =3.2 um;   D90 = 5.9 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.96 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e8.77 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NC91OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/celc.202300184\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eY. Su, et al. Boric Acid Doping Improves Electrochemical Performance of [Ni0.9Co0.1](OH)2 Cathode for Li-ion Batteries, ChemElectroChem, 2023, 10, e202300184\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10008-022-05170-6\"\u003eH. W. Park, et al. Electrochemical properties of LiNi0.9Co0.1O2 cathode material prepared by co-precipitation using an eco-friendly chelating agent, J. Solid State Electrochem., 2022, 26, 1567–1576\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46887908442342,"sku":"CLIBPCNC91OH","price":119.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCNC91OH.png?v=1763745803"},{"product_id":"clibpcnm91oh","title":"Ni0.9Mn0.1(OH)2 Precursor Powder for LNMO Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNM91OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.9Mn0.1(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: LiOH) to synthesize the LNMO cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 750-850 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_LNMO_synthesis.jpg?v=1763706323\" alt=\"\" width=\"285\" height=\"34\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 195.525px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNM91OH (C-LIB-PC-NM91OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 90.1 mol%,  Co: 9.9 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 2.1 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =3.2 um;   D90 = 4.9 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.60 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e17.5 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NM91OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/aenm.201903179\"\u003eA. Aishova, et al. Cobalt-Free High-Capacity Ni-Rich Layered Li[Ni0.9Mn0.1]O2 Cathode, Adv. Energy Mater., 2020, 10, 1903179\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acsomega.3c08782\"\u003eH. Feng, et al. Directional and Orderly Arranged Ni0.9Mn0.1(OH)2 Enables the Synthesis of Single-Crystal Ni-Rich Co-Free LiNi0.9Mn0.1O2 with Enhanced Internal Structural Stability, ACS Omega 2024, 9, 6994–7002\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"YYPT","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46888048853222,"sku":"CLIBPCNM91OH","price":199.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCNM91OH.png?v=1763745672"},{"product_id":"clibpcnm3565oh","title":"Ni0.35Mn0.65(OH)2 Precursor Powder for LNMO Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNM3565OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.35Mn0.65(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: LiOH) to synthesize the LNMO cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 750-850 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_LNMO3565_synthesis.jpg?v=1763707702\" alt=\"\" width=\"261\" height=\"33\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 195.525px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNM3565OH (C-LIB-PC-NM3565OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 34.42 mol%,  Co: 65.58 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 7.2 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =9.7 um;   D90 = 13.2 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.75 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e23.4 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NM3565OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.9b01806\"\u003eC. Zhou, et al. Formation and Effect of Residual Lithium Compounds on Li-Rich Cathode Material Li1.35[Ni0.35Mn0.65]O2, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 12, 11518–11526\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10008-014-2411-5\"\u003eG. Zhou, et al. Improvement of electrochemical performance for Li-rich spherical Li1.3[Ni0.35Mn0.65]O2+x modified by Al2O3, J. Solid State Electrochem., 2014, 18, 1789–1797\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"YYPT","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46888060059878,"sku":"CLIBPCNM3565OH","price":199.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCNM3565OH.png?v=1766094204"},{"product_id":"clibpcncm523oh","title":"Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2 Precursor Powder for NCM523 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNCM523OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2 with spherical morphology is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: LiOH) to synthesize the NCM523 cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 800-950 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg height=\"37\" width=\"352\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_NCM523_synthesis.jpg?v=1763709197\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 195.525px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNCM523OH (C-LIB-PC-NCM523OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 60.2 mol%,  Co: 9.90 mol%,  Mn: 29.9 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 2.3 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =3.5 um;   D90 = 5.2 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.31 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e20.7 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NCM523OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0013468612008006\"\u003eK. Xu, et al. Effect of precursor and synthesis temperature on the structural and electrochemical properties of Li(Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3)O2, Electrochimica Acta. 2012, 75, 393-398\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acssuschemeng.2c03268\"\u003eH. Dong, et al. Single-Crystal Materials Regenerated and Modified by Spent NCM523 as a High-Voltage Stable Cycling Cathode Material, J. Solid State Electrochem., 2014, 18, 1789–1797\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46888074215654,"sku":"CLIBPCNCM523OH","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCNCM523OH.png?v=1763745392"},{"product_id":"clibpcscncm523oh","title":"Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2 Precursor Powder for Single-Crystal NCM523 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCSCNCM523OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2 with spherical morphology and single-crystal structure is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: LiOH) to synthesize the single crystalline NCM523 cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 800-950 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg height=\"50\" width=\"475\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_NCM523_synthesis.jpg?v=1763709197\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 195.525px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCSCNCM523OH (C-LIB-PC-SCNCM523OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 34.5 wt%,  Co: 6.29 wt%,  Mn: 20.76 wt%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 2.6 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =3.6 um;   D90 = 5.1 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.89 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e9.56 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the SCNCM523OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0272884222006435\"\u003eQ. Luo, et al. A green and economical route to the precursor for the synthesis of single crystal LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2, Ceramics International, 2022, 48, 16737-16743\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acssuschemeng.2c03268\"\u003eH. Dong, et al. Single-Crystal Materials Regenerated and Modified by Spent NCM523 as a High-Voltage Stable Cycling Cathode Material, J. Solid State Electrochem., 2014, 18, 1789–1797\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46889252520166,"sku":"CLIBPCSCNCM523OH","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCSCNCM523OH.png?v=1763745117"},{"product_id":"clibpcnm2575oh","title":"Ni0.25Mn0.75(OH)2 Precursor Powder for LNMO Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNM2575OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.25Mn0.75(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: LiOH, LiCO3) to synthesize the LNMO cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 800-950 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/NM2575OH_for_LNMO_synthesis_mechanism.jpg?v=1763746930\" alt=\"\" width=\"292\" height=\"26\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 195.525px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNM2575OH (C-LIB-PC-NM2575OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 25.2 mol%,  Co: 75.8 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 4.3 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =5.2 um;   D90 = 6.4 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.68 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e19.1 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSDS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/SDS-Ni0.25Mn0.75_OH_2_CLIBPCNM2575OH_-EChemSupplies.pdf?v=1782324318\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/SDS_image_logo_50x50.png?v=1782250973\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/cdn\/shop\/files\/CGRFBTCFC_09.png\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NM2575OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.4c06351\"\u003eY. Wu, et al. Copper-Doping Layered P2-Type Na0.67Ni0.25Mn0.75O2 Enable Ultrastable Cathode Material for Sodium Ion Batteries, Energy Fuels 2025, 39, 17, 8299–8307\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2017\/ta\/c7ta07898f\/unauth\"\u003eH. Kim, et al. A nano-LiNbO3 coating layer and diffusion-induced surface control towards high-performance 5 V spinel cathodes for rechargeable batteries,  J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017,5, 25077-25089\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46889350693094,"sku":"CLIBPCNM2575OH","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCNM2575OH.png?v=1766093968"},{"product_id":"clibpcscncm622oh","title":"Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2(OH)2 Precursor Powder for Single-Crystal NCM622 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCSCNCM622OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: Li2CO3, LiOH) to synthesize the single-crystal NCM622 cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 800-950 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg\u003e\u003cimg height=\"50\" width=\"529\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_NCM622_synthesis.jpg?v=1763620846\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 224.725px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCSCNCM622OH (C-LIB-PC-SCNCM622OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 39.8 wt%,  Co: 12.55 wt%,  11.43 wt%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 2.4 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =3.1 um;   D90 = 4.0 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e1.65 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e20.69 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eWater Level\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 21.375px;\"\u003e0.36 wt%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the SCNCM622OH powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0013468614004149\"\u003eL. Liang, et al. Co–precipitation synthesis of Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2(OH)2 precursor and characterization of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material for secondary lithium batteries, Electrochimica Acta, 2014, 130, 82-89\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S001346861931134X\"\u003eQ. Zhu, et al. Effect of impeller type on preparing spherical and dense Ni1−x−yCoxMny(OH)2 precursor via continuous co-precipitation in pilot scale: A case of Ni0·6Co0·2Mn0·2(OH)2, Electrochimica Acta, 2019, 318, 1-13\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46889404629222,"sku":"CLIBPCSCNCM622OH","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCSCNCM622OH.png?v=1763748728"},{"product_id":"clibpcnca95oh","title":"Ni0.95Co0.04Al0.01(OH)2 Precursor Powder for LNCA (or NCA) Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCNCA95OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.95Co0.04Al0.01(OH)2 is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: LiOH) to synthesize the LNCA cathode powder. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 750-850 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg height=\"29\" width=\"296\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Reaction_for_LNCA_synthesis.jpg?v=1763695951\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 195.525px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCNCA95OH (C-LIB-PC-NCA95OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 95.0 mol%,  Co: 0.04 mol%,  Al: 0.01 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 5.3 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =8.1 um;   D90 = 13.6 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.98 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e7.21 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the NCA95OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S2405829720303238\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eU. H. Kim, et al. High-Energy W-Doped Li[Ni0.95Co0.04Al0.01]O2 Cathodes for Next-Generation Electric Vehicles, Energy Storage Mater,, 2020, 33, 399-407\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/cssc.202401856\"\u003eB. C. Lee, et al. Structural Analysis of Deeply Charged Li(Ni0.95Co0.04Al0.01)O2 Cathode for Li-Ion Battery, ChemSusChem 2025, 18, e202401856\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46889416556774,"sku":"CLIBPCNCA95OH","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCNCA95OH.png?v=1763749672"},{"product_id":"clibpcmrncm114oh","title":"Ni0.167Co0.167Mn0.666(OH)2 Precursor Powder for Manganese-Rich NCM114 Cathode Synthesis, 50 or 100 g\/bottle, CLIBPCMRNCM114OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni0.167Co0.167Mn0.666(OH)2 precursor powder with spherical morphology is obtained by co-precipitation method, which can be mixed with lithium salts (eg: LiOH) to synthesize manganese-rich NCM114 cathode. The precursor reacts with the lithium source at temperatures typically between 800-950 degrees to form the final layered oxide cathode material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg height=\"38\" width=\"453\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/Precursor_synthesis_of_NCM114.jpg?v=1763871975\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 215.125px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCMRNCM114OH (C-LIB-PC-MRNCM114OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 16.7 mol%,  Co: 16.7 mol%,  Mn: 60.6 mol%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10 = 7.9 um;  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =10.0 um;   D90 = 12.6 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.72 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e25.8 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e50 or 100 g\/bottle\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the MRNCM114OH precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/abb6cb\/meta\"\u003eJ. Sicklinger, et al. SO3 Treatment of Lithium- and Manganese-Rich NCMs for Li-Ion Batteries: Enhanced Robustness towards Humid Ambient Air and Improved Full-Cell Performance, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2020, 167, 130507\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/celc.202500331\"\u003eT. Tsekeli, et al. Microwave Engineering of Manganese-Rich Layered-Spinel Cathode Materials for Enhanced Lithium-Ion Battery Performance, ChemElectroChem, 2025 10.1002\/celc.202500331\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"SZKJ","offers":[{"title":"50 g","offer_id":47758019723494,"sku":"CLIBPCMRNCM114OH50","price":109.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47758019756262,"sku":"CLIBPCMRNCM114OH100","price":199.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCMRNCM114OH.png?v=1763873341"},{"product_id":"clibpcfp","title":"Iron Phosphate (FePO4, \u003e99.9%) Precursor Powder for LiFePO4 Cathode Synthesis, 200 g\/bottle, CLIBPCFP","description":"\u003cp\u003eSynthesizing Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) using an Iron(III) Phosphate (FePO4) precursor is one of the most common industrial routes. The process typically involves a carbothermal reduction. Since the iron in the precursor is in a +3 oxidation state (Fe^{3+}) and LFP requires iron in a +2 state (Fe^{2+}), a reducing agent (usually carbon) is necessary. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCFP_reaction_mechanism_480x480.png?v=1769892285\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eThe synthesis procedures normally include mixing and milling, and sintering. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eHigh-energy ball milling\u003c\/strong\u003e is used to ensure atomic-level mixing and to reduce particle size to the nanometer scale, which compensates for LFP's inherently low ionic conductivity. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eSintering\u003c\/strong\u003e: The mixture is heated in an inert or reducing atmosphere (Nitrogen or Argon with 5-10% Hydrogen). The heating temperature is usually between $600°C and $800°C. The carbon mainly serves two purposes: it reduces Fe^{3+} to Fe^{2+} and creates a conductive coating around the LFP particles to improve electron transport.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 269.325px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCLIBPCFP (C-LIB-PC-FP)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 13.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 13.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9% (Fe:P =0.971)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNa\u0026lt; 100 ppm,   Mg\u0026lt;50 ppm,   Mn\u0026lt;108 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAl\u0026lt;80 ppm,  Ca\u0026lt;50 ppm,   Zn\u0026lt;17 ppm    S\u0026lt;178 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 =2.5 um;   D90 = 39 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.3%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e0.85 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e5.5 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the FePO4 precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0013468612012510\"\u003eC. T. Hsieh, et al. Synthesis of iron phosphate powders by chemical precipitation route for high-power lithium iron phosphate cathodes, Electrochimica Acta, 2012, 83, 202-208\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11581-025-06774-4\"\u003eA. S. Wijareni, et al. Advanced review on FePO4 synthesis process from various Fe sources for LiFePO4 battery cathode precursor material, Ionics, 2025 31, 12545–12573\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"SZKJ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47310729871590,"sku":"CLIBPCFP","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CLIBPCFP_main.png?v=1769895097"},{"product_id":"csibpcnfm111oh","title":"Ni1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3(OH)2 Precursor Powder for O3-Type Layered Oxide NaNi1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3O2 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CSIBPCNFM111OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Ni1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3(OH)2 precursor powder (often designated as an NFM hydroxide precursor) is a critical raw material primarily utilized for the synthesis of transition metal layered oxide cathode materials (NaNi1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3O2) in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). By replacing expensive and supply-constrained cobalt (Co) with abundant, low-cost iron (Fe), this ternary precursor system serves as the structural backbone for high-capacity O3-type or P2-type sodium layered oxides.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eA high-quality Ni1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3(OH)2 precursor typically targets specific morphological and structural characteristics to ensure smooth solid-state calcination with sodium salts (e.g., Na2CO3): (1) \u003cstrong\u003eMorphology\u003c\/strong\u003e: Highly spherical, dense secondary particles composed of tightly packed, plate-like or needle-like primary crystals. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/strong\u003e: Typically controlled within a narrow range, such as a D50 around 4–8 um (resulting in a final lithiated\/sodiated cathode D50 of roughly 7–10 um). (3) \u003cstrong\u003eTap Density\u003c\/strong\u003e: Generally targeted above 1.2–1.5 g\/cm³ to ensure the final cathode exhibits the high volumetric energy density required for commercial cells. (4) \u003cstrong\u003eCrystal Structure\u003c\/strong\u003e: It crystallizes in a β-Ni(OH)2-type hexagonal structure, where Fe^{2+\/3+} and Mn^{2+} successfully substitute into the nickel hydroxide host lattice.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"14\"\u003eTo transition from the precursor powder to the active cathode material (\u003cspan class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"\\text{NaNi}_{1\/3}\\text{Fe}_{1\/3}\\text{Mn}_{1\/3}\\text{O}_2\" data-index-in-node=\"72\"\u003eNaNi1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3O2\u003c\/span\u003e), the powder undergoes high-temperature calcination:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"14\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CSIBPCNFMOH_04.png?v=1779676782\" alt=\"\" width=\"530\" height=\"68\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSintering Conditions\u003c\/strong\u003e: The precursor is intimately blended with a sodium source and fired in a roller hearth kiln or tube furnace at temperatures ranging from 750°C to 900°C under air or oxygen.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStructural Outcome\u003c\/strong\u003e: Depending on the exact sintering temperature and cooling profile, it forms an O3-type or P2-type layered structure. The O3 phase offers higher initial discharge capacities (typically around 120–135 mAh\/g), while the P2 phase generally delivers superior rate capability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 269.325px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCSIBPCNFM111OH (C-SIB-PC-NFM111OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 13.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 13.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9% (Ni:Fe:Mn=33.5: 33.25: 33.25)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNa\u0026lt;71 ppm,   Mg\u0026lt;55 ppm,   Si\u0026lt;45 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCr\u0026lt;30 ppm,  Cu\u0026lt;3 ppm,  S\u0026lt;191 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10: 6.3 um;  D50 =8.3 um;  D90 = 10.8 um;  D95: 11.5 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;530 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.84 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area (BET)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e15.56 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the Ni1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3(OH)2 precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery precursor powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0009250925014216\"\u003eP. Luo, et al. Physics-informed machine learning framework for predictive control of particle size distribution in Ni1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3(OH)2 synthesis, Chemical Engineering Science, 2026, 320, 122600\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/ace55a\/meta\"\u003eL. Zhang, et al. Impact of Calcium on Air Stability of Na[Ni1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3]O2 Positive Electrode Material for Sodium-ion Batteries, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2023, 170 070514\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"ASM","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47709909680358,"sku":"CSIBPCNFM111OH","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CSIBPCNFM111OH_main.png?v=1779686244"},{"product_id":"csibpcnfm424oh","title":"Ni0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4(OH)2 Precursor Powder for O3-Type Layered Oxide NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2 Cathode Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CSIBPCNFM424OH","description":"\u003cp\u003eNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4(OH)2 precursor powder (often abbreviated as NFM 424 hydroxide) is a specialized material designed as a structural template for synthesizing sodium-ion battery (SIB) layered oxide cathodes, specifically targeting formula variants like NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2. By adjusting the transition metal ratio from the symmetric 1:1:1 (Ni1\/3Fe1\/3Mn1\/3) mix to a slightly higher nickel and manganese content relative to iron, this composition seeks to optimize the balance between energy density, phase stability, and air stability during cycling.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eAltering the transition metal stoichiometry fundamentally changes the electrochemical behavior of the final sodiated cathode: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eNickel (Ni}^{2+} Enrichment (40%)\u003c\/strong\u003e: Increasing nickel content expands the initial capacity of the material. The Ni^{2+}\/Ni^{4+} redox couple acts as a primary multi-electron donor during sodium deintercalation\/intercalation. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eIron (Fe^{3+)) Reduction (20%)\u003c\/strong\u003e: Lowering the iron ratio to 20% mitigates the structural distortion and rapid capacity decay associated with the collective Jahn-Teller effect of high-spin Mn^{3+} formed through charge transfer with iron, while still keeping material costs low. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eManganese (Mn^{4+}) Stabilization (40%)\u003c\/strong\u003e: A higher manganese fraction stays predominantly in the Mn^{4+} state, providing a robust structural scaffold that prevents phase transition collapse (such as the irreversible O3 to P3 phase shift) at high voltages.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"14\"\u003eThe conversion of the precursor to the final active cathode active material occurs via high-temperature calcination with a sodium salt (typically sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, or sodium hydroxide, NaOH:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"14\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CSIBPCNFM424OH_04.png?v=1779689123\" alt=\"\" width=\"507\" height=\"47\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eO3 vs. P2 Control\u003c\/strong\u003e: Sintering this exact precursor ratio around 800°C typically yields an O3-type phase, which maximizes initial specific capacity (~ 135 mAh\/g} between 2.0–4.0V vs. Na\/Na+). \u003cstrong\u003eAtmospheric Sensitivity of Precursor\u003c\/strong\u003e: Unlike stable NMC precursors, NFM424 hydroxide powder is highly prone to moisture pickup and localized surface oxidation if left exposed to ambient air. It should be transferred and stored under vacuum or an inert gas blanket prior to calcination to ensure reproducible electrochemical properties.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 291.038px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCSIBPCNFM424OH (C-SIB-PC-NFM424OH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9% (Ni:Fe:Mn=39.99: 19.68: 40.14 mol%)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNa\u0026lt;99 ppm,   Mg\u0026lt;25 ppm,   Si\u0026lt;7 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCa\u0026lt;6 ppm,  Al\u0026lt;3 ppm,  S\u0026lt;142 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10: 4.2 um;  D50 =5.3 um;  D90 = 6.7 um;  D95: 7.2 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;380 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.99 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area (BET)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 26.3px;\"\u003e10.1 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the Ni0.4Fe0.2Mn0.6(OH)2 precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery precursor powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/ad6cfa\/meta\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eX. Li, et al. Preparation and Property Optimization of High Capacity O3-type NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2024, 171, 080526\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acs.langmuir.4c02065\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eX. Li, et al. Prilling and Coating Strategy to Synthesize High-Performance Spherical NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2 Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries, Langmuir 2024, 40, 35, 18610–18618\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KLDX","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47710475714790,"sku":"CSIBPCNFM424OH","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CSIBPCNFM424OH_main.png?v=1779688383"},{"product_id":"cbssepcls","title":"Lithium Sulfide (Li2S, \u003e99.9%) Precursor Powder for Sulfide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 20-100 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCLS","description":"\u003cp\u003eLithium sulfide (Li2S) is the foundational precursor for synthesizing high-conductivity sulfide solid electrolytes (SSEs), such as Argyrodites (Li6PS5X, where X = Cl, Br, I), thio-LISICON (Li10GeP2S12 or LGPS), and binary glass-ceramics (Li2S–P2S5). \u003cspan class=\"citation-59 citation-end-59\"\u003eBecause SSEs approach the ionic conductivities of liquid electrolytes (\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-index-in-node=\"71\" data-math=\"10^{-3}\" class=\"math-inline\"\u003e10^{-3}\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-58 citation-end-58\"\u003e to \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-index-in-node=\"82\" data-math=\"\u0026gt;10^{-2}\\text{ S cm}^{-1}\" class=\"math-inline\"\u003e\u0026gt;10^{-2} S cm-1\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-57 citation-end-57\"\u003e), optimizing the \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-index-in-node=\"125\" data-math=\"Li_2S\" class=\"math-inline\"\u003eLi2S\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-56 citation-end-56\"\u003e precursor is critical to achieving high performance and lowering the cost barrier for all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eIt is typically reacted with network-forming sulfides (like P2S5, SiS2, GeS2) and lithium halides via three main pathways: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Energy Ball Milling (Mechanochemical Synthesis): \u003c\/strong\u003ePrecursors are milled in an inert atmosphere (Argon, \u0026lt;1 ppm O2\/H2O) with a ball-to-powder ratio between 20:1 and 40:1 for 20–40 hours, which amorphizes the mixture into a sulfide glass phase. For many systems, this is followed by a post-annealing step at 200°C–550°C to precipitate highly conductive crystalline or glass-ceramic phases (e.g., Argyrodite or Li7P3S11). (2) \u003cstrong\u003eSolid-State Sintering\u003c\/strong\u003e: Stoichiometric mixtures of Li2S, P2S5, and modifiers are sealed under vacuum in quartz ampoules and heated directly to temperatures ranging from 500°C to 900°C (or up to 1100°C for melt-quenching systems like Li2S–SiS2). High crystallinity, though grain boundary engineering is required during subsequent processing to ensure seamless interparticle contact. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eLiquid-Phase\/Solution Synthesis\u003c\/strong\u003e: Dissolving Li2S and co-precursors in anhydrous organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetonitrile, or ethanol. The reaction proceeds at moderate temperatures (25°C–80°C), followed by vacuum drying and calcination. It enables low-temperature scalable wet-chemical processing, slurry casting, and excellent infiltration into porous, tortuous cathode frameworks.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 380.775px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCLS (C-BSSE-PC-LS)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNa\u0026lt;34 ppm, Ca\u0026lt;30 ppm, Mg\u0026lt;5 ppm, K\u0026lt;8 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFe\u0026lt;4 ppm Al\u0026lt;4 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e45.95 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(1) D50 ~30 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) D50 ~2 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;50 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 89.4px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 89.4px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eXRD\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 89.4px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e(1) D50 ~30 um\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCLS_XRD_100x100.png?v=1779895312\" alt=\"\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e(2) D50 ~2 um\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCLS_XRD_2_100x100.png?v=1780781482\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e20 g, 50 g, and 100 g\/bottle\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the Li2S powder in a glovebox due to its air\/humidity sensitivity.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-025-64924-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eY. Zhang, et al. Advancing sulfide solid electrolytes via green Li2S synthesis, Nature Communications, 2025, 16, 9981.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlehtml\/2020\/ta\/d0ta08658d\"\u003eR. Maniwa, et al. Synthesis of sulfide solid electrolytes from Li2S and P2S5 in anisole, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2021, 9, 400-405\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"QGTLHW","offers":[{"title":"20 g (D50 = 30 um)","offer_id":47752217493734,"sku":"CBSSEPCLSD30W20","price":69.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 g (D50 = 30 um)","offer_id":47752217526502,"sku":"CBSSEPCLSD30W50","price":139.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g (D50 = 30 um)","offer_id":47752235483366,"sku":"CBSSEPCLSD30W100","price":249.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 g (D50 = 2 um)","offer_id":47752235516134,"sku":"CBSSEPCLSD2W20","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 g (D50 = 2 um)","offer_id":47752235548902,"sku":"CBSSEPCLSD2W50","price":169.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g (D50 = 2 um)","offer_id":47752235581670,"sku":"CBSSEPCLSD2W100","price":299.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCLS_main.png?v=1779895141"},{"product_id":"cbssepcp2s5","title":"Phosphorus Pentasulfide (P2S5, \u003e99.9%) Precursor Powder for Sulfide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 100 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCP2S5","description":"\u003cp\u003ePhosphorus pentasulfide (P2S5) is the primary network-forming precursor used alongside Li2S to synthesize sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). It provides the structural backbone (PS4^{3-} tetrahedra) responsible for creating the open framework that allows rapid lithium-ion transport. Managing P2S5 requires precise control because its chemical stability, purity, and particle morphology directly dictate the ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability window of the resulting electrolyte.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eIn sulfide systems, P2S5 reacts with Li2S to modify the sulfide network. The ratio between the modifier (Li2S) and the network former (P2S5) determines the local structural units formed: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eHigh Li2S Ratios (e.g., 3Li2S P2S5 or Li3PS4)\u003c\/strong\u003e: Completely breaks down the P2S5 cage to form isolated, highly symmetrical ortho-thiophosphate [PS4]^{3-} tetrahedra. This structure provides optimal pathways for Li+ hopping and minimizes electronic conductivity. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eArgyrodites (Li6PS5X)\u003c\/strong\u003e: P2S5 provides the central [PS_4]^{3-} units, which are surrounded by free sulfide (S^{2-}) and halide (X-) ions, achieving ionic conductivities exceeding 10^{-3} S cm-1. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eMeta- and Pyro-thiophosphates\u003c\/strong\u003e: Lower ratios of Li2S yield shared tetrahedra frameworks (like [P2S7]^{4-} or [P2S6]^{4-}), which generally exhibit lower ionic conductivities but can offer unique mechanical flexibility.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 301.038px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCP2S5 (C-BSSE-PC-P2S5)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e222.3 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~30 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e280-284 °C (lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDensity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2.09 g\/mL at 25 °C (lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 10px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;50 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the P2S5 powder in a glovebox due to its air\/humidity sensitivity.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acsomega.4c03784\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZ. Warren, et al. Solution-Based Suspension Synthesis of Li2S–P2S5 Glass-Ceramic Systems as Solid-State Electrolytes: A Brief Review of Current Research, ACS Omega 2024, 9, 29, 31228–31236\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlehtml\/2020\/ta\/d0ta08658d\"\u003eR. Maniwa, et al. Synthesis of sulfide solid electrolytes from Li2S and P2S5 in anisole, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2021, 9, 400-405\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"Sigma","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47719207436518,"sku":"CBSSEPCP2S5","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCP2S5_main.png?v=1779900499"},{"product_id":"cbssepclc","title":"Lithium Chloride (LiCl, Anhydrous, 99.9%) Precursor Powder for Sulfide \u0026 Halide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 50 or 100 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCLC","description":"\u003cp\u003eLithium chloride (LiCl) is one of the most critical foundational precursors for synthesizing high-performance halide-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), such as Li3InCl6, Li3YCl6, Li3ScCl6, and Li2ZrCl6. As a precursor, LiCl provides both the cyclable lithium-ion (Li+) inventory and the chloride (Cl-) anions that build the close-packed sub-lattice framework. Halide SSEs are uniquely prized for their high oxidative stability (\u0026gt;4.5 V vs. Li+\/Li), which allows them to be paired directly with high-voltage cathodes like LiCoO2 or NCM811 without requiring a protective interface coating.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe quality of the starting LiCl directly impacts the ionic conductivity of the final electrolyte by altering grain boundary resistance and phase purity. (1) \u003cstrong\u003ePurity Grade\u003c\/strong\u003e: Minimum 99.9% (3N) or 99.99% (4N) trace metals basis is standard. Impurities like sodium, potassium, or transition metals can introduce unwanted defect chemistry or electronic conductivity. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eAnhydrous Requirement\u003c\/strong\u003e: LiCl is extremely hygroscopic and readily forms hydrates (such as LiCl * H2O). Even trace moisture will cause severe side reactions during synthesis, potentially forming electrochemically inactive Li2O or metal oxychlorides (MOCl). (3) \u003cstrong\u003ePre-treatment\u003c\/strong\u003e: Even \"anhydrous\" commercial LiCl often benefits from being dried under a deep vacuum (10^{-2} Torr or better) at 200°C to 300°C for 12–24 hours inside a glovebox-connected vacuum oven prior to weighing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 301.038px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCLC (C-BSSE-PC-LC)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e7447-41-8\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNa\u0026lt; 0.03 wt%, K\u0026lt;0.02 wt%, Ca\u0026lt;0.02 wt%, Mg\u0026lt;0.002 wt%, Fe\u0026lt;0.002 wt%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e42.39 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 10px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.005 wt% (battery grade, anhydrous)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e50 g or 100 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the LiCl powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acs.accounts.6c00035\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eH. Wu, et al. Precision Chemical Routes to Achieve Superior Oxyhalide Solid Electrolytes in Advanced All-Solid-State Batteries, Acc. Chem. Res. 2026, 59, 8, 1388–1400\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsenergylett.2c00438\"\u003eH. Kwak, et al. Emerging Halide Superionic Conductors for All-Solid-State Batteries: Design, Synthesis, and Practical Applications, ACS Energy Lett. 2022, 7, 5, 1776–1805\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"SZKJ","offers":[{"title":"50 g","offer_id":47747819208934,"sku":"CBSSEPCLC50","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47747819241702,"sku":"CBSSEPCLC100","price":179.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCLC_main.png?v=1780628780"},{"product_id":"cbssepcic","title":"Indium Chloride (InCl3, Anhydrous, 99.99%) Precursor Powder for Halide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 50 or 100 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCIC","description":"\u003cp\u003eIn the synthesis of indium-based halide solid-state electrolytes—most notably lithium indium chloride (Li3InCl6)—indium(III) chloride (InCl3) serves as the primary structural network former. The trivalent indium ion (In^{3+}) coordinates with six chloride anions to build an octahedral [InCl6]^{3-} framework, providing a highly stable, low-barrier channel for Li+ superionic conduction. Because indium halide electrolytes balance high voltage compatibility (\u0026gt;4.0 V to 4.5 V vs. Li\/Li+) with unique chemical reversibility, optimizing the InCl3 precursor is essential to maximizing phase purity and ionic conductivity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnhydrous Grade Requirement\u003c\/strong\u003e: Commercially available InCl3 exists commonly as a trihydrate (InCl3 * 3H2O) or a hygroscopic anhydrous powder. For solid-state or anhydrous organic solvent synthesis paths, anhydrous InCl3 (typically 99.99 % 4N purity trace metals basis) must be used. \u003cstrong\u003eThe Oxychloride (InOCl) Threat\u003c\/strong\u003e: If anhydrous InCl3 absorbs atmospheric moisture during storage or transfer, heating it in an attempt to dry it can cause an irreversible hydrolysis side-reaction rather than simple dehydration, where the indium oxychloride (InOCl) acts as an electrochemically inactive, insulating impurity phase within the electrolyte matrix, which drastically increases grain boundary resistance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 301.038px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCIC (C-BSSE-PC-IC)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10025-82-8\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 71.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCr\u0026lt; 0.004 wt%, Cu\u0026lt;0.004 wt%, Pb\u0026lt;0.004 wt%, Fe\u0026lt;0.003 wt%, Al\u0026lt;0.003 wt%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e221.18 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 10px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.005 wt% (battery grade, anhydrous)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e50 g or 100 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the InCl3 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/anie.201909805\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eX. Li, et al. Water-Mediated Synthesis of a Superionic Halide Solid Electrolyte, Angew Chem Int Ed., 2019, 58, 16427-16432\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.4c04396\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eR. Xiong, et al. Solvent-Mediated Synthesis and Characterization of Li3InCl6 Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Li-Ion Battery Applications, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2024, 16, 28, 36281–36288 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"SZKJ","offers":[{"title":"50 g","offer_id":47747825762534,"sku":"CBSSEPCIC50","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47747825795302,"sku":"CBSSEPCIC100","price":189.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCIC_main.png?v=1780641200"},{"product_id":"cbssepczc","title":"Zirconia Chloride (ZrCl4, Anhydrous, 99.99%) Precursor Powder for Halide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 25 o 50 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCZC","description":"\u003cp\u003eZirconium(IV) chloride (ZrCl4) has emerged as a crucial precursor for next-generation halide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), such as Li2ZrCl6 and Li2Zr{1-x}FexCl6. As researchers shift away from expensive, scarce trivalent metals like Indium (In) and Yttrium (Y), the use of tetravalent Zirconium (Zr^{4+}) offers a highly cost-effective, earth-abundant alternative while maintaining excellent oxidation stability (\u0026gt;4.5 V vs. Li\/Li+) against high-voltage cathodes. However, ZrCl4 exhibits distinct physical and chemical properties—specifically sublimation and unique hydrolysis pathways—that make its handling and synthesis processing significantly different from LiCl or InCl3.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBecause of the high volatility of ZrCl4 during direct heating, high-energy mechanochemical synthesis is the preferred method to fix zirconium into a stable framework before any thermal processing. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eMixing\u003c\/strong\u003e: Anhydrous LiCl and ZrCl4 are blended stoichiometrically under dry Argon (H2O\/O2 \u0026lt; 0.1 ppm). (2) \u003cstrong\u003eMilling\u003c\/strong\u003e: The mix is processed in a planetary ball mill (typically 400–500 RPM for 12–24 hours) using zirconia or tungsten carbide (WC) media. This forces the formation of a metastable, amorphous, or hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Li2ZrCl6 phase directly at room temperature. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eControlled Annealing\u003c\/strong\u003e: The ball-milled powder is sealed inside a quartz ampoule under deep vacuum and annealed at 250°C to 350°C to enhance crystallinity without inducing phase separation or sublimation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 367.288px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCZC (C-BSSE-PC-ZC)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10026-11-6\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e233.04 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDensity \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2.8 g\/mL at 25 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e437 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;100 ppm (anhydrous)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e25 g or 50 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the ZrCl4 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.4c08915\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eH. Kwak, et al. Tuning the Properties of Halide Nanocomposite Solid Electrolytes with Diverse Oxides for All-Solid-State Batteries, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2024, 16, 37, 49328–49336\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsenergylett.2c00438\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eH. Kwak, et al. Emerging Halide Superionic Conductors for All-Solid-State Batteries: Design, Synthesis, and Practical Applications, ACS Energy Lett. 2022, 7, 5, 1776–1805 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"25 g","offer_id":47749245370598,"sku":"CBSSEPCZC25","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 g","offer_id":47749245403366,"sku":"CBSSEPCZC50","price":179.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCZC_mian.png?v=1780685931"},{"product_id":"cbssepclb","title":"Lithium Bromide (LiBr, Anhydrous, 99.9%) Precursor Powder for Sulfide \u0026 Halide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 50 or 100 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCLB","description":"\u003cp\u003eIn the synthesis of sulfide-halide solid-state electrolytes—most notably lithium argyrodites (such as Li6PS5Br) and halide-doped glass-ceramics (like Li7P3S11 * LiBr)—lithium bromide (LiBr) serves as a critical dopant precursor. Integrating LiBr into a pure sulfide framework expands the polarizable anion lattice, creates beneficial lithium-ion vacancies, and optimizes the local structural disorder, pushing the room-temperature ionic conductivity of the electrolyte toward or beyond 10^{-3} S cm-1.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompared to transition metal chlorides like ZrCl4, LiBr is thermally stable and will not sublime or volatilize at typical synthesis temperatures. However, its primary challenge is an extreme susceptibility to moisture. (1) \u003cstrong\u003ePurity Requirements\u003c\/strong\u003e: Standard protocols demand 99.9% (3N) or 99.99% (4N) anhydrous grade (trace metals basis). Impurities like sodium or heavy metals can compromise the electrochemical window or induce unwanted electronic leakage. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eExtreme Hygroscopicity\u003c\/strong\u003e: LiBr is significantly more hygroscopic than LiCl. Upon even brief exposure to trace moisture, it quickly forms hydrates (LiBr *H2O). (3) \u003cstrong\u003eCrucial Dehydration Protocol\u003c\/strong\u003e: Commercial \"anhydrous\" LiBr often contains bound surface moisture. To prevent the irreversible formation of insulating lithium oxide (Li2O) or phase degradation during synthesis, LiBr should be dried under a deep vacuum (10^{-2} Torr or better) at 200°C to 300°C for 12–24 hours before weighing inside the glovebox.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 296.087px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCLB (C-BSSE-PC-LB)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e7550-35-8\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e86.85 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.005 wt% (battery grade, anhydrous)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e550 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1265 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.57 g\/mL at 25 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e50 g or 100 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the LiBr powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2405829724005592\"\u003eP. Lannelongue, et al. Stable cycling of halide solid state electrolyte enabled by a dynamic layered solid electrolyte interphase between Li metal and Li3YCl4Br2, Energy Storage Materials, 2024, 72, 103733.\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/adfm.202309656\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eT. P. Poudel, et al. Transforming Li3PS4 Via Halide Incorporation: a Path to Improved Ionic Conductivity and Stability in All-Solid-State Batteries, Adv Fucnt. Materi., 2024, 34, 2309656 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"50 g","offer_id":47751159283942,"sku":"CBSSEPCLB50","price":109.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47751159316710,"sku":"CBSSEPCLB100","price":199.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCLB_main.png?v=1780730905"},{"product_id":"cbssepcli","title":"Lithium Iodide (LiI, Anhydrous, 99.9%) Precursor Powder for Sulfide \u0026 Halide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 25 or 50 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCLI","description":"\u003cp\u003eLithium iodide (LiI) is a vital precursor for incorporating heavy halide anions into sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes. It is primarily utilized in synthesizing iodide-doped argyrodites (e.g., Li6PS5I), high-conductivity glass-ceramics (such as 70Li2S * 30P2S5 doped with LiI), and multi-anion sulfide systems. The large, highly polarizable iodide anion (I-) expands the unit cell volume of the sulfide framework, softens the lattice, and weakens the electrostatic binding energy between Li+ ions and the anion framework. This significantly lowers the activation energy for lithium migration, pushing room-temperature ionic conductivities to impressive levels\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe role of LiI depends fundamentally on the structural nature of the host sulfide matrix: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eIn Amorphous\/Glassy Sulfides (e.g., Li2S-P2S5-LiI)\u003c\/strong\u003e. In traditional binary sulfide glasses, LiI acts as a structural modifier. It does not form a covalent part of the PS4^{3-} network. Instead, LiI dissolves into the interstitial spaces of the amorphous glass matrix. The highly polarizable I- ions \"open up\" the local free volume of the glass, creating wide, smooth pathways for rapid Li+ hopping without requiring a high-temperature crystallization step. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eIn Crystalline Argyrodites (e.g., Li6PS5I)\u003c\/strong\u003e. In the cubic argyrodite lattice, the large ionic radius of I- alters the structural symmetry. Unlike Li6PS5Cl and Li6PS5Br—which exhibit high {S}^{2-}\/X- site disorder—the large size of the I- ion forces it to remain strictly ordered, occupying the specific 4a Wyckoff site. This complete structural order can sometimes restrict certain intra-cage hopping pathways, meaning pure iodide argyrodites occasionally exhibit lower room-temperature ionic conductivity than their bromide counterparts unless engineered via multi-anion mixing (e.g., Li6PS5Cl(1-x)Ix).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 296.087px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCLI (C-BSSE-PC-LI)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10377-51-2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e133.85 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.005 wt% (battery grade, anhydrous)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e446 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1171 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e3.49 g\/mL at 25 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e25 g or 50 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the LiI powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.5c07580\"\u003eS. Wang, et al. An Iodide-Chloride Solid Electrolyte Compatible with Lithium Metal for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2025, 17, 31, 44430–44439\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsnano.4c15005\"\u003eC. Li, et al. Building a Better All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Battery with Halide Solid-State Electrolyte, \u003cspan class=\"cit-title\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eACS Nano\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"cit-year-info\"\u003e2025\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-volume\"\u003e, 19\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-issue\"\u003e, 4\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsnano.4c15005\"\u003e, 4121–4155\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"25 g","offer_id":47751218626790,"sku":"CBSSEPCLI25","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 g","offer_id":47751218659558,"sku":"CBSSEPCLI50","price":169.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCLI_main.png?v=1780767363"},{"product_id":"cbssepcns","title":"Sodium Sulfide (Na2S, 99.9%) Precursor Powder for Sulfide \u0026 Halide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 25 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCNS","description":"\u003cp\u003eJust as lithium sulfide (Li2S} acts as the foundational building block for lithium-based sulfide electrolytes, sodium sulfide (Na2S) is the core precursor for sodium-biased sulfide solid-state electrolytes (such as cubic Na3PS4, clovo-borate composites, and sodium argyrodites like Na6PS5Cl). As research into sodium-ion solid-state batteries accelerates due to the abundance and low cost of sodium, understanding how to source, pre-treat, and process Na2S is critical. This precursor presents distinct challenges—specifically regarding its intense hydration states and structural polymorphic transitions—that differ significantly from its lithium counterpart.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe single greatest hurdle when working with Na2S is obtaining a truly anhydrous material. Commercially available sodium sulfide is overwhelmingly sold as a nonstoichiometric hydrate (Na2S * xH2O, typically where x = 5–9), often taking the form of yellow, fused flakes. Purchasing these hydrated forms for solid-state synthesis is highly discouraged because removing the bound water down to the ppm level without decomposing the sulfide is exceptionally difficult.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSyntheses demand 99.9% (3N) anhydrous Na2S powder. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eVacuum Thermal Dehydration Protocol\u003c\/strong\u003e: If dehydrate a high-purity hydrated starting material, or if \"anhydrous\" batch has absorbed trace glovebox moisture, a multi-stage thermal vacuum profile must be used: Heat the powder under high vacuum (10^{-2} Torr or deeper) very slowly to 150°C and hold for 4 hours to remove weakly bound surface water. Increase the temperature to 300°C to 350°C and hold for an additional 12–24 hours to drive off deeply coordinated structural water. Warning: Heating too rapidly will cause the hydrated crystals to dissolve in their own water of crystallization, forming a highly corrosive liquid phase that aggressively attacks quartz or alumina glass tubes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 296.087px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCNS (C-BSSE-PC-NS)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1313-82-2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e78.04 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.01 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e950 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.86 g\/cm3 at 25 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e25 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the Na2S powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity). In case any moisture adsorption, please do the vacuum (10-2 torr) drying slowly at 150-300°C for 12-24 h.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0378775324012163\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eY. Yan, et al. A simple approach through reduction of Na2SO4 to prepare high-purity Na2S for sulfide electrolytes toward all-solid-state sodium batteries, Journal of Power Sources, 2024, 620, 235264\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/aenm.202505208\"\u003eH. Yang, et al. Sulfide-Based Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries, \u003cspan class=\"cit-title\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eAdv Energy Mater.,\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"cit-year-info\"\u003e2026\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-volume\"\u003e, DOI: 10.1002\/aenm.202505208\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47752072659174,"sku":"CBSSEPCNS","price":249.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCNS_main.png?v=1780773881"},{"product_id":"cbssepcges2","title":"Germanium Disulfide (GeS2, 99.98%) Precursor Powder for Sulfide (LGPS) Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 5 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCGeS2","description":"\u003cp\u003eGermanium disulfide (GeS2) serves as a crucial network-forming precursor for high-conductivity sulfide solid-state electrolytes, most notably Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS) and the Li4GeS4-Li3PS4 solid-solution system. Within these frameworks, germanium coordinates with sulfur to form stable [GeS4]^{4-} tetrahedra. These tetrahedra build a structural skeleton that works in tandem with [PS4]^{3-} units to create highly open, low-barrier 1D and 3D conduction channels for rapid lithium-ion hopping.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMechanochemical Ball Milling\u003c\/strong\u003e: Mechanochemical synthesis avoids the high vapor pressures associated with heating elemental sulfur\/phosphorus by utilizing binary sulfide blocks. (1) \u003cem\u003eComposition Assembly\u003c\/em\u003e: Weighed according to target stoichiometry inside the glovebox:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e                                        \u003cimg height=\"31\" width=\"235\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCGeS2_02.png?v=1780783293\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003cem\u003eMilling Run\u003c\/em\u003e: Seal the powders in a zirconia milling jar with zirconia balls. Mill at 400–500 RPM for 15–24 hours. Because GeS2 possesses a highly stable covalent network, it requires substantial mechanical energy to break its internal bonds. During the first 4–6 hours of milling, XRD will typically show strong residual GeS2 reflections. After 20 h, these peaks completely disappear as the Ge}^{4+} centers intimately alloy with the PS4^{3-} networks to form a perfectly homogeneous amorphous precursor glass. (3) \u003cem\u003eCrystallization Bake\u003c\/em\u003e: The recovered amorphous powder is vacuum-sealed in a quartz tube and annealed at 550°C for 12 hours to trigger the nucleation of the highly conductive superionic tetragonal LGPS phase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Temperature Direct Fusion\u003c\/strong\u003e: For the synthesis of crystalline solid solutions like Li4GeS4-Li3PS4: Pellets of mixed Li2S, GeS2, and P2S5 are placed directly into glassy carbon or boron nitride crucibles. The crucibles are sealed inside quartz ampoules under deep vacuum. The system is heated past the melting point of the components (600°C to 700°C) to form a complete liquid phase, followed by a rapid quench to lock in a highly disordered, conductive glass matrix, which is then tuned via precise crystallization annealing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 296.087px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCGeS2 (C-BSSE-PC-GeS2)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e12025-34-2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.98%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e136.77 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.01 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e725℃\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the GeS2 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/adma.202200083\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJ. E. Lee, et al. Universal Solution Synthesis of Sulfide Solid Electrolytes Using Alkahest for All-Solid-State Batteries, Adv. Mater., 2022, 34, 2200083\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/jace.18719\"\u003eJ. Zhang, et al. Effects of different glass formers on Li2S–P2S5–MS2 (M = Si, Ge, Sn) chalcogenide solid-state electrolytes, \u003cspan class=\"cit-title\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eJ. Am. Ceramic Soc.,\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"cit-year-info\"\u003e2023\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-volume\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/jace.18719\"\u003e, 106, 354-364\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47752206024934,"sku":"CBSSEPCGeS2","price":199.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCGeS2_main.png?v=1780782518"},{"product_id":"cbssepcsis2","title":"Silicon Disulfide (SiS2, 99.9%) Precursor Powder for Sulfide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 5 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCSiS2","description":"\u003cp\u003eSilicon disulfide (SiS2) is an exceptionally high-performance network-forming precursor utilized in the synthesis of both glassy and crystalline sulfide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), such as the Li2S-SiS2 and Li2S-SiS2-Li3{PO}4 systems. Compared to phosphorus-based sulfide networks (PS4]^{3-}), silicon-based networks ([SiS4]^{4-}) feature highly polarizable Si^{4+} centers that weaken the electrostatic binding energy with mobile lithium ions. This structural trait significantly increases room-temperature ionic conductivity (\u0026gt;10^{-4} S cm^{-1} in purely amorphous states) and suppresses electrochemical reduction against lithium metal anodes, making SiS2 heavily favored for stabilizing the negative electrode interface \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Energy Mechanochemical Ball Milling\u003c\/strong\u003e: Mechanochemical amorphization is highly preferred for SiS2 systems because it forces a room-temperature reaction, completely bypassing the risks of high-temperature sublimation and quartz-tube corrosion. (1) \u003cem\u003eStoichiometric Formulation\u003c\/em\u003e: Weighed and blended inside the Argon glovebox according to the targeted binary glass matrix (e.g., a 0.6Li2S * SiS2 system):\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e                  \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCSiS2_02.png?v=1780784832\" alt=\"\" width=\"374\" height=\"32\"\u003e                              \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003cem\u003eMilling Configuration\u003c\/em\u003e: Load the mixed powders into a premium zirconia or tungsten carbide (WC) milling jar. Utilize a high ball-to-powder weight ratio (typically 20:1) with small-diameter (5 mm) milling balls to maximize highly energetic shear forces. (3) \u003cem\u003eMilling Profile\u003c\/em\u003e: Run the planetary ball mill at 450 to 550 RPM for 20 to 40 hours. Program a mandatory alternating cooling cycle (e.g., 20 minutes of runtime followed by 15 minutes of rest) to prevent localized frictional heating from exceeding the sublimation threshold of the trapped SiS2. (4) \u003cem\u003ePost-Processing\u003c\/em\u003e: The resulting product is a highly uniform, completely amorphous glass powder featuring wide structural channels that facilitate fast Li+ transport.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 296.087px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCSiS2 (C-BSSE-PC-SiS2)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e13759-10-9\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e92.21 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.01 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1090℃\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1130℃\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.853 g\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the SiS2 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0167273804006691\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA. Hayashi, et al. Mechanochemical synthesis of amorphous solid electrolytes using SiS2 and various lithium compounds, Solid State Ionics, 2004, 175, 1-4\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/jace.18719\"\u003eS. Asano, et al. Effects of different glass formers on Li2S–P2S5–MS2 (M = Si, Ge, Sn) chalcogenide solid-state electrolytes, \u003cspan class=\"cit-title\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eJ. Am. Ceramic Soc.,\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"cit-year-info\"\u003e2023\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-volume\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/jace.18719\"\u003e, 106, 354-364\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47752261730534,"sku":"CBSSEPCSiS2","price":299.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCSiS2_main.png?v=1780809034"},{"product_id":"cbssepcsns2","title":"Tin Disulfide (SnS2, 99.9%) Precursor Powder for Sulfide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 25 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCSnS2","description":"\u003cp\u003eTin disulfide (SnS2) is an important network-forming precursor used to synthesize low-cost, chemically stable sulfide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), such as the Li2S-SnS2 and Li4SnS4 frameworks, as well as multi-cation systems like Li10SnP2S12 (LSTPS). As a replacement for expensive germanium (Ge) in the classic LGPS structure, tetravalent tin (Sn}^{4+}) offers an earth-abundant, highly cost-effective alternative. Furthermore, [SnS4]^{4-} tetrahedra exhibit excellent structural stability and a lower reduction potential against lithium metal compared to phosphorus-only networks, helping to mitigate rapid dendritic short-circuiting at the anode interface. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Energy Mechanochemical Ball Milling\u003c\/strong\u003e: Mechanochemical amorphization is highly effective for tin-based systems because the mechanical energy breaks down the layered SnS2 sheets, facilitating room-temperature coordination with lithium sulfide (Li2S). (1) \u003cem\u003eStoichiometric Formulation\u003c\/em\u003e: Weighed and blended inside the Argon glovebox according to the targeted crystalline phase (e.g., pure Li4SnS4):\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e                       \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCSnS2_02.png?v=1780809676\" alt=\"\" width=\"232\" height=\"39\"\u003e \u003cimg\u003e                        \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) \u003cem\u003eMilling Configuration\u003c\/em\u003e: Load the mixed powders into a zirconia milling jar with zirconia balls (5 mm or 10 mm diameter) at a 20:1 ball-to-powder weight ratio. Ensure the jar is sealed tightly with a fresh Viton O-ring. (3) \u003cem\u003eMilling Run\u003c\/em\u003e: Run the planetary ball mill at 400 to 500 RPM for 15 to 24 hours. Program interval reversals and rest cooling cycles (e.g., 30 minutes of milling followed by 10 minutes of rest) to prevent internal thermal spikes from inducing premature phase separation. (4) \u003cem\u003ePost-Annealing Crystallization\u003c\/em\u003e: The resulting amorphous glass-ceramic powder is recovered, pelletized, vacuum-sealed in a quartz tube, and annealed at 400°C to 450°C for 12 hours. This triggers the nucleation of the highly conductive, pure crystalline Li4SnS4 phase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 331.688px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCSnS2 (C-BSSE-PC-SnS2)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1315-01-1\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e182.8 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.01 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e600℃ (it thermally decomposes into tin(II) sulfide (SnS) and sulfur gas at approximately 600 °C)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4.5 g\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e25 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the SnS2 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsaem.0c02671\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eW. Wen, et al. Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Nanosized Na11Sn2PS12 Solid Electrolytes for Room Temperature All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2021, 4, 2, 1467–1473\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acs.jpcc.2c06593\"\u003eT. Kimura, et al. Hydration and Dehydration Behavior of Li4SnS4 for Applications as a Moisture-Resistant All-Solid-State Battery Electrolyte, J. Phys. Chem. C 2023, 127, 3, 1303–1309\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47752291287270,"sku":"CBSSEPCSnS2","price":129.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCSnS2_main.png?v=1780809152"},{"product_id":"cbcssepclco","title":"Lithium Carbonate (Li2CO3, 99.9%) Precursor Powder for Cathode and Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 100-1000 g\/bottle, CBCSSEPCLCO","description":"\u003cp\u003eLithium carbonate (Li2CO3) is the foundational, industrial-scale lithium precursor used across both conventional Li-ion battery manufacturing and next-generation solid-state technology. It serves as the primary lithium source for synthesizing high-energy oxide cathodes (such as LiNixMnyCozO2 [NMC] and LiCoO2 [LCO]) as well as oxide-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), most notably Garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) and Perovskite-type Li3xLa(2\/3-x)TiO3 (LLTO). Compared to lithium hydroxide (LiOH), Li2CO3 is cheaper, thermodynamically more stable under ambient conditions, and less corrosive to processing equipment. However, its high thermal decomposition temperature requires precise sintering profiles to ensure complete conversion and eliminate residual carbonate impurities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn high-voltage intercalation cathodes, Li2CO3 is blended with transition metal hydroxide precursors (Me(OH)2, where Me = (Ni, Mn, Co) via a solid-state calcination route.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e        \u003cimg height=\"49\" width=\"398\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBCSSEPCLCO_02.png?v=1780811714\"\u003e                \u003cimg\u003e                 \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) \u003cstrong\u003eNickel Content Limit\u003c\/strong\u003e: While Li2CO3 is ideal for LCO, LiMn2O4, and low-nickel NMC (like NMC111 or NMC532), it is generally avoided for ultra-high-nickel cathodes (Ni ≥ 80%, e.g., NMC811). High-nickel structures require lower calcination temperatures (\u0026lt;750°C) to prevent structural cation mixing (Ni^{2+}\/Li+ disorder). Because Li2CO3 does not decompose completely at these lower temperatures, it leaves behind high levels of residual surface carbonates, forcing high-nickel lines to use LiOH instead. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eTwo-Step Sintering Profile\u003c\/strong\u003e: A typical thermal profile includes a low-temperature dwell at 450°C to 550°C to drive off structural water from the hydroxides, followed by a high-temperature ramp to 800°C to 950°C under flowing oxygen\/air to fully decompose the carbonate and crystallize the layered hexagonal lattice.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor Garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) electrolytes, Li2CO3 is the dominant choice because it suppresses premature, inhomogeneous sintering compared to highly reactive LiOH. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eStoichiometric Calculation \u0026amp; Li-Excess\u003c\/strong\u003e: Precursors (Li2CO3, La2O3, and ZrO2) are weighed. Due to the high volatility of lithium species at the sintering temperatures required for oxides (\u0026gt;1000°C, a 5 to 15 wt% excess of Li2CO3 must be added to the initial batch to compensate for volatilization losses and ensure a phase-pure cubic garnet phase. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Energy Ball Milling\u003c\/strong\u003e: The powders are co-milled in a planetary ball mill using an organic solvent vehicle (e.g., anhydrous isopropyl alcohol or ethanol) to achieve a uniform sub-micron particle distribution. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eCalcination and Pelletization\u003c\/strong\u003e: The dried powder mix is calcined at 800°C to 900°C in alumina crucibles to drive off CO2, pelletized under high hydraulic pressure, and then final-sintered at 1100°C to 1230°C to achieve a highly dense ceramic membrane (\u0026gt;92% theoretical density).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 367.288px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBCSSEPCLCO (C-BCSSE-PC-LCO)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e554-13-2\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e73.89 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.01 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eD50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5.58 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e618 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1310 °C (dec.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2.11 g\/mL at 25 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e100 g, 200 g, 500 g, and 1 kg\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the Li2CO3 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0038110106002449\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHye-Ryoung Park, et al. A study on the synthesis from Li2CO3, NiO and Co3O4 and the electrochemical properties of cathode materials LiNi1−yCoyO2 for lithium secondary battery, Solid-State Electronics, 2006, 50, 1291-1298\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/adma.202502067\"\u003eH. Wu, et al. Revealing the Underlying Role of Li2CO3 in Enhancing Performance of Oxyhalide-Based Solid-State Batteries, Adv. Mater., 2025, 37, 2502067\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47752620277990,"sku":"CBCSSEPCLCO100","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 g","offer_id":47752620310758,"sku":"CBCSSEPCLCO200","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 g","offer_id":47752620343526,"sku":"CBCSSEPCLCO500","price":169.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 kg","offer_id":47752620376294,"sku":"CBCSSEPCLCO1000","price":299.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBCSSEPCLCO_main.png?v=1780811664"},{"product_id":"cbcssepcloh","title":"Lithium Hydroxide Monohydrate (LiOH·H2O, 99.9%) Precursor Powder for Cathode and Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 100-1000 g\/bottle, CBCSSEPCLOH","description":"\u003cp\u003eLithium hydroxide (LiOH, commonly used in its monohydrate form, LiOH·H2O) is a premium, highly reactive lithium precursor. It is the dominant choice for synthesizing ultra-high-nickel layered oxide cathodes (Ni≥80%, such as NMC811 and NCA) and is widely used in fabricating oxide-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) like Garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) via low-temperature or liquid-phase pathways. Compared to lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), LiOH features a significantly lower melting point and a lower thermal activation barrier, allowing solid-state reactions to proceed rapidly at temperatures where the target crystal lattice is thermodynamically optimized.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor state-of-the-art high-nickel cathodes, LiOH is mandatory, and Li2CO3 cannot be substituted. High-nickel layered oxides (LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2) are structurally unstable at temperatures exceeding 750°C to 800°C, where Ni^{2+} ions spontaneously migrate into the Li+ structural sites (a degradation mechanism known as cation mixing). Because Li2CO3 requires temperatures \u0026gt;800°C to fully decompose, utilizing it results in an incomplete reaction with high structural disorder.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e    \u003cimg height=\"43\" width=\"416\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBCSSEPCLOH_02.png?v=1780819696\"\u003e   \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) \u003cstrong\u003ePure Oxygen Atmosphere\u003c\/strong\u003e: The calcination must be carried out under a flowing, pure oxygen (O2) atmosphere rather than ambient air. This forces the oxidation of Ni^{2+} to the desired Ni^{3+} state, which is essential for maximizing specific capacity. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eThe Carbon Dioxide Threat\u003c\/strong\u003e: High-nickel precursors will aggressively absorb trace atmospheric CO2 during handling, turning back into surface Li2CO3. This creates an insulating layer that triggers slurry gelation during battery manufacturing and gas evolution (CO2 outgassing) during high-voltage cycling. Therefore, high-nickel materials are blended and transferred under strict climate-controlled environments with dry, CO2-free air.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile Li2CO3 is favored for standard high-temperature solid-state LLZO sintering (\u0026gt;1100°C), LiOH is the preferred precursor for modern low-temperature sintering, sol-gel, and hydro-chemical synthesis routes designed to prevent excessive lithium volatilization. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eMechanism\u003c\/strong\u003e: By using LiOH combined with acetate or nitrate co-precursors in a liquid solution, a highly homogeneous molecular gel is formed. Upon drying and calcining, the low melting point of LiOH drives the nucleation of the cubic garnet LLZO phase at temperatures as low as 700°C to 850°C. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eLithium Compensation\u003c\/strong\u003e: Even though the lower processing temperatures enabled by LiOH reduce overall lithium loss, a 5 to 10 wt% lithium excess is still typically integrated into the precursor batch to offset any high-temperature volatilization during final ceramic densification.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 367.288px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBCSSEPCLOH (C-BCSSE-PC-LOH)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1310-66-3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e41.96 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.01 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e462 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e920 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1.51 g\/mL at 25 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e100 g, 200 g, 500 g, and 1 kg\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the LiOH*H2O powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S2405829721002919\"\u003eY. Zhang, et al. Self-Stabilized LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 in thiophosphate-based all-solid-state batteries through extra LiOH, Energy Storage Materials, 2021, 41, 505-514\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/adma.202502067\"\u003eM. Y. Song, et al. Electrochemical properties of LiNi1−yCoyO2 cathode materials synthesized from different starting materials by the solid-state reaction method, Adv. Mater., 2009, 1625-1631\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"YFSW","offers":[{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47752640725222,"sku":"CBCSSEPCLOH100","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 g","offer_id":47752640757990,"sku":"CBCSSEPCLOH200","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 g","offer_id":47752640790758,"sku":"CBCSSEPCLOH500","price":199.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 kg","offer_id":47752640823526,"sku":"CBCSSEPCLOH1000","price":349.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBCSSEPCLOH_main.png?v=1780819542"},{"product_id":"cbssepcnlao","title":"Nanosize Lanthanum Oxide (La2O3, 50-100 nm, 99.99%) Precursor Powder for Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 100-1000 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCNLaO","description":"\u003cp\u003eIntegrating nanoscale lanthanum oxide (La2O}3, typically defined as particle diameters between 20nm and 100nm) into the synthesis of oxide solid-state electrolytes represents a major step forward in processing efficiency. For materials like Garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) and Perovskite-type Li{3x}La{2\/3-x}TiO3 (LLTO), switching from micro-scale precursors to a high-surface-area nano-precursor fundamentally alters the thermodynamics of the reaction. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDepressed Sintering and Calcination Temperatures\u003c\/strong\u003e: The primary driving force for ceramic densification during sintering is the reduction of total surface free energy (ΔG = γΔA. Because nanoscale particles possess an extraordinarily high specific surface area (\u0026gt;20 m2\/g} compared to \u0026lt; 2m2\/g for micro-powders), they exhibit vastly enhanced surface energy. This thermodynamic state allows the solid-state reaction to occur at much lower temperatures. The initial calcination step required to nucleate the cubic LLZO phase can be dropped from the traditional 900°C down to 650°C to 700°C. Consequently, the final pellet densification temperature can be lowered by 100°C to 150°C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSuppression of Lithium Volatilization\u003c\/strong\u003e: In oxide electrolyte synthesis, the aggressive volatilization of lithium (as gaseous Li2O) at temperatures above 1050°C is a constant challenge. This loss shifts the stoichiometry and causes the highly conductive cubic garnet phase to decompose into the poorly conductive tetragonal phase or insulating pyrochlore (La2Zr2O7) at grain boundaries. By using nano-La2O3 to lower the sintering window safely below the aggressive volatilization threshold (\u0026lt;1000°C), the target stoichiometry is well preserved. This reduces or even eliminates the need to add massive, unpredictable lithium excesses (traditionally 10–15 wt%) to the initial precursor blend.          \u003cimg\u003e                 \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 367.288px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCNLaO (C-BCSSE-PC-NLaO)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1312-81-8\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e325.84 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.05 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eD50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(1) 50 nm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) 100 nm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2315 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4200 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e6.51 g\/mL at 25 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e100 g, 200 g, 500 g, and 1 kg\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the La2O3 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsaem.6c00752\"\u003eK. Onoue, et al. Exploring the Low-Temperature Synthesis Pathway of Lithium Ionic Conductor Garnet-Type Solid Electrolytes, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2026, DOI: 10.1021\/acsaem.6c00752\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0167273816303526\"\u003eZ. Luo, et al. La2O3 substitution in Li-Al-P-O-N glasses for potential solid electrolytes applications, Solid State Ionics, 2016, 295, 104-110\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"KGYJ","offers":[{"title":"100 g (100 nm)","offer_id":47753082339558,"sku":"CBSSEPCNLaOS100W100","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 g (100 nm)","offer_id":47753082372326,"sku":"CBSSEPCNLaOS100W200","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 g (100 nm)","offer_id":47753082405094,"sku":"CBSSEPCNLaOS100W500","price":219.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 kg (100 nm)","offer_id":47753082437862,"sku":"CBSSEPCNLaOS100W1000","price":379.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g (50 nm)","offer_id":47753027420390,"sku":"CBSSEPCNLaOS50W100","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 g (50 nm)","offer_id":47753027453158,"sku":"CBSSEPCNLaOS50W200","price":139.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 g (50 nm)","offer_id":47753027485926,"sku":"CBSSEPCNLaOS50W500","price":279.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 kg (50 nm)","offer_id":47753027518694,"sku":"CBSSEPCNLaOS50W1000","price":479.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCNLaO_main.png?v=1780850704"},{"product_id":"cbssepcnzro","title":"Nanosize Zirconia Oxide (ZrO2, 20 nm, 99.99%) Precursor Powder for Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 100-1000 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCNZrO","description":"\u003cp\u003eNanoscale zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), typically featuring particle diameters between 15 nm and 50 nm is a highly critical precursor for synthesizing Garnet-type oxide solid-state electrolytes, specifically lithium lanthanum zirconate (Li7La3Zr2O12, LLZO). In the cubic garnet lattice, zirconium coordinates with oxygen to form ZrO6]^{8-} octahedra, which act as the rigid structural framework supporting the highly disordered channels where mobile Li+ ions diffuse. Because ZrO2 is exceptionally refractory (melting point of 2715°C), switching from traditional micro-scale powder to a high-surface-area nano-precursor fundamentally alters the sintering thermodynamics and phase evolution during synthesis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuadratic Lowering of Diffusion Distance\u003c\/strong\u003e: Solid-state synthesis of complex oxides is limited by the rate of atomic interdiffusion across precursor phase boundaries. According to the classical parabolic diffusion relationship: x^2 = 2Dt. Where x is the diffusion distance, D is the diffusion coefficient, and t is time. Reducing the starting particle size of ZrO2 from 10 nm to 20 nm shortens the required diffusion distance by nearly three orders of magnitude. This prevents the formation of unreacted zirconium cores, which are the primary nucleation sites for the highly resistive lanthanum zirconate pyrochlore impurity phase (La2Zr2O7).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSuppression of Lithium Volatilization\u003c\/strong\u003e: Standard micro-scale LLZO processing requires high calcination and sintering temperatures (1100°C to 1230°C) to drive the refractory zirconium into the garnet lattice. At these elevated temperatures, lithium species volatilize aggressively as gaseous Li2O, causing the cubic phase to shift toward a poorly conductive tetragonal phase. The immense surface free energy of nano-ZrO2 provides a high thermodynamic driving force that lowers the cubic phase nucleation temperature to 650°C to 700°C. This preserves the target stoichiometry, allowing you to minimize or eliminate the unpredictable 10–15 wt% lithium excess typically required in micro-scale synthesis formulations.        \u003cimg\u003e                 \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 367.288px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCNZrO (C-BCSSE-PC-NZrO)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1314-23-4\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e123.22 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.05 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eD50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~20 nm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2700 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5000 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5.89 g\/mL at 25 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e100 g, 200 g, 500 g, and 1 kg\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the ZrO2 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.0c22422\"\u003eJ. Bidal, et al. Hybrid Electrolytes Based on Optimized Ionic Liquid Quantity Tethered on ZrO2 Nanoparticles for Solid-State Lithium-Ion Conduction, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 13, 15159–15167\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/smtd.202401019\"\u003eP. Kumari, et al. Pristine NASICON Electrolyte: A High Ionic Conductivity and Enhanced Dendrite Resistance Through Zirconia (ZrO2) Impurity-free Solid-Electrolyte Design, Small Methods, 2025, 9, 2401019\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"ZYXCL","offers":[{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47753092530406,"sku":"CBSSEPCNZrO100","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 g","offer_id":47753092563174,"sku":"CBSSEPCNZrO200","price":89.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 g","offer_id":47753092595942,"sku":"CBSSEPCNZrO500","price":149.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 kg","offer_id":47753092628710,"sku":"CBSSEPCNZrO1000","price":249.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCNLaO_main.png?v=1780850704"},{"product_id":"cbssepcnalo","title":"Nanosize Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3, 20 nm, 99.99%) Precursor Powder for Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 100-1000 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCNAlO","description":"\u003cp\u003eNanoscale aluminum oxide (Al2O3, typically featuring particle diameters between 10 nm and 40 nm, such as nano-γAl2O3 or nano-αAl2O3) serves two distinct, high-impact roles in solid-state electrolyte (SSE) synthesis. First, it acts as an aliovalent dopant in Garnet-type oxide electrolytes like Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) to stabilize the highly conductive cubic phase. Second, it serves as a functional ceramic filler in solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) to disrupt polymer crystallinity and open up rapid lithium-ion pathways.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAliovalent Dopant in Garnet Oxide Electrolytes (LLZO): Pure, undoped LLZO naturally crystallizes into a tetragonal polymorph at room temperature, which exhibits a poorly conducting ionic profile (10^{-6} S\/cm}. To lock in the highly conductive cubic phase (10^{-3} S\/cm), aliovalent doping is mandatory. When nano-Al2O3 is introduced, trivalent aluminum ions (Al}^{3+}, ionic radius ~0.53 angstrom substitute onto the tetrahedral lithium sites Li+, ionic radius ~0.59 angstrom) within the garnet lattice. Because Al^{3+} replaces Li+, charge neutrality forces the creation of lithium vacancies within the crystal framework:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e                                  \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCNAlO_02.png?v=1780865381\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"41\"\u003e     \u003cimg\u003e     \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis intentional introduction of lithium vacancies thins out the local lithium concentration from 7 down to approximately 6.2–6.5 formula units. This lower packing density unlocks the highly disordered, liquid-like lithium sub-lattice required to freeze the cubic phase at room temperature.    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTraditional micro-scale Al2O3 requires sintering past 1100°C to fully diffuse into the dense garnet structure. At these high temperatures, aluminum distribution is often inhomogeneous, leaving behind non-conductive, lithium-deficient secondary phases (like LaAlO3). Switching to a high-surface-area nano-precursor reduces the atomic diffusion distance quadratically, ensuring complete, molecularly uniform incorporation of Al^{3+} at lower calcination profiles (700°C to 800°C), while suppressing aggressive lithium volatilization (Li2O gas loss).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 367.288px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCNAlO (C-BSSE-PC-NAlO)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1344-28-1\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e101.96 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.05 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eD50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~20 nm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2040 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eBoling Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2980°C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e3.97 g\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e100 g, 200 g, 500 g, and 1 kg\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the nano Al2O3 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0378775311008871\"\u003eM. Kotobuki, et al. Fabrication of all-solid-state lithium battery with lithium metal anode using Al2O3-added Li7La3Zr2O12 solid electrolyte, Journal of Power Sources 2011, 196, 7750-7754\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsapm.2c01034\"\u003eJ. Li, et al. Al2O3 Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Solid Electrolyte Films with Excellent Lithium-Ion Transport Properties for High-Voltage Solid-State Lithium Batteries, ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2022, 4, 10, 7144–7151\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"ZYXCL","offers":[{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47753118253286,"sku":"CBSSEPCNAlO100","price":39.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 g","offer_id":47753118286054,"sku":"CBSSEPCNAlO200","price":69.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 g","offer_id":47753118318822,"sku":"CBSSEPCNAlO500","price":129.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 kg","offer_id":47753118351590,"sku":"CBSSEPCNAlO1000","price":219.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCNAlO_main.png?v=1780865313"},{"product_id":"cbssepcntao","title":"Nanosize Tantalum Oxide (Ta2O5, 30 nm, 99.99%) Precursor Powder for Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 20-100 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCNTaO","description":"\u003cp\u003eNanoscale tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5, typically featuring particle diameters between 15 nm and 50 nm) has become one of the premier aliovalent dopant precursors for optimizing Garnet-type oxide solid-state electrolytes, specifically targeting tantalum-doped lithium lanthanum zirconate (Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12, Ta-LLZO). Among the various stabilization dopants used for cubic garnets (such as Al^{3+}, Ga^{3+}, and Nb^{5+}), Ta^{5+} is highly favored because it provides excellent electrochemical stability against molten lithium metal anodes, effectively suppressing continuous parasitic side reactions and dendritic short-circuits. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThermodynamic and Structural Role of Ta^{5+}\u003c\/strong\u003e: Pure, undoped Li7La3Zr2O12 naturally crystallizes into a poorly conducting tetragonal phase at room temperature. To freeze the high-conductivity cubic phase (~ 10^{-3} S cm-1), the local lithium-ion sub-lattice must be intentionally disordered. Because Ta^{5+} carries a higher positive charge than Zr^{4+}, charge balance forces the expulsion of lithium ions from the framework, creating lithium vacancies: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e                                  \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCNTaO_02.png?v=1780869422\" alt=\"\" width=\"253\" height=\"42\"\u003e                                  \u003cimg\u003e     \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis intentional reduction optimizes the lithium concentration to approximately 6.4 to 6.5 formula units (Li(7-x)La3Zr(2-x)TaxO12). This specific density thins out the lithium sub-lattice, disrupting long-range ordering and locking in the cubic garnet framework at room temperature.    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNano-Scale Kinetic Advantage\u003c\/strong\u003e: Traditional micro-scale Al2O3 requires sintering past 1100°C to fully diffuse into the dense garnet structure. At these high temperatures, aluminum distribution is often inhomogeneous, leaving behind non-conductive, lithium-deficient secondary phases (like LaAlO3). Switching to a high-surface-area nano-precursor reduces the atomic diffusion distance quadratically, ensuring complete, molecularly uniform incorporation of Al^{3+} at lower calcination profiles (700°C to 800°C), while suppressing aggressive lithium volatilization (Li2O gas loss).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 367.288px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCNTaO (C-BSSE-PC-NTaO)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1314-61-0\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e441.89 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.05 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eD50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e~30 nm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1872 °C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e8.2 g\/mL at 25 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e20 g, 50 g, and 100 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the nano Al2O3 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/adfm.202201498\"\u003eS. Guo, et al. Interface Engineering of a Ceramic Electrolyte by Ta2O5 Nanofilms for Ultrastable Lithium Metal Batteries, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2022, 32, 2201498\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.0c14056\"\u003eP. Badami, et al. Highly Conductive Garnet-Type Electrolytes: Access to Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 Prepared by Molten Salt and Solid-State Methods, ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2020, 12, 43, 48580–48590\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"HZJS","offers":[{"title":"20 g","offer_id":47753182937318,"sku":"CBSSEPCNTaO20","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 g","offer_id":47753182970086,"sku":"CBSSEPCNTaO50","price":179.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47753183002854,"sku":"CBSSEPCNTaO100","price":329.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCNTaO_main.png?v=1780869326"},{"product_id":"cbssepcyc","title":"Yttrium Chloride (YCl3, Anhydrous, 99.99%) Precursor Powder for Halide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 25-100 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCYC","description":"\u003cp\u003eYttrium(III) chloride (YCl3) is a foundational network-forming precursor for synthesizing high-performance, high-voltage halide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), most notably lithium yttrium chloride (Li3YCl6). Within this structural framework, the trivalent yttrium ion (Y^{3+}) coordinates with six chloride anions to assemble a stable, edge-sharing [YCl6]^{3-} octahedral sub-lattice. This unique arrangement provides an open, low-barrier 3D percolation pathway for fast Li+ superionic conduction, allowing room-temperature ionic conductivities to reach ~ 10^{-3} S\/cm alongside remarkable oxidative stability (\u0026gt;4.5 V vs. Li\/Li+).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHalide electrolytes prepared with YCl3 are unique because they can be successfully navigated through both dry mechanochemical and highly scalable wet-chemical routes. \u003cstrong\u003eMechanochemical Ball Milling (Dry Benchmark)\u003c\/strong\u003e: This is the most common laboratory method used to force a room-temperature reaction before crystal refinement. Inside an Argon glovebox (H2O, O2 \u0026lt; 0.1 ppm), weigh out the precursors in a strict 3:1 molar ratio:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e                                           \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCYC_02.png?v=1780899001\" alt=\"\" width=\"239\" height=\"37\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Energy Milling\u003c\/strong\u003e: Load the mix into zirconia or tungsten carbide (WC) jars with matching milling balls (5 mm or 10 mm diameter) at a 20:1 ball-to-powder weight ratio. Mill at 400–500 RPM for 12–24 hours. \u003cstrong\u003eCrystallization Sintering\u003c\/strong\u003e: The resulting amorphized or nanocrystalline glass-ceramic powder is pelletized, sealed inside a quartz ampoule under deep vacuum, and annealed at 300°C to 350°C for 4–6 hours, followed by slow cooling to room temperature to form the highly conductive trigonal or monoclinic polymorph.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 199.287px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCYC (C-BSSE-PC-YC)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10361-92-9\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e195.26 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.005 wt% (battery grade, anhydrous)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e25 g, 50 g, and 100 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the YCl3 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acsenergylett.4c00317\"\u003eS. Yang, et al. Halide Superionic Conductors for All-Solid-State Batteries: Effects of Synthesis and Composition on Lithium-Ion Conductivity, ACS Energy Lett. 2024, 9, 5, 2212–2221\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S2405829726002692\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZ. Long, et al. Revisiting the mechanochemical preparation of Li3YCl6 electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries: Decisive roles of water impurity in YCl3 reactant, Energy Storage Materials, 2026, 88, 105136\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"25 g","offer_id":47753576579302,"sku":"CBSSEPCYC25","price":79.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 g","offer_id":47753240051942,"sku":"CBSSEPCYC50","price":139.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g","offer_id":47753240084710,"sku":"CBSSEPCYC100","price":249.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCYC_main.png?v=1780895443"},{"product_id":"cbssepcec","title":"Erbium Chloride (ErCl3, Anhydrous, 99.99%) Precursor Powder for Halide Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 10-50 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCEC","description":"\u003cp\u003eErbium(III) chloride (ErCl3) is a premier rare-earth metal halide precursor used to synthesize high-voltage, high-conductivity halide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), such as lithium erbium chloride (Li3ErCl6) and multi-anion variations like Li3ErCl(6-x}Brx. Similar to YCl3, the trivalent erbium ion (Er}^{3+}) coordinates with six chloride ions to assemble an edge-sharing ErCl6]^{3-} octahedral sub-lattice. This framework features highly disordered lithium-ion sites and a low-barrier 3D conduction pathway, enabling excellent room-temperature ionic conductivity (~1.4 * 10^{-3} S cm-1) and a broad electrochemical stability window exceeding 4.5 V vs. Li\/Li+.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMechanochemical Ball Milling (Dry Processing)\u003c\/strong\u003e: This is the standard laboratory protocol to achieve close atomic mixing and force the mechanochemical reaction prior to final crystallization. (1) \u003cem\u003eStoichiometric Batching\u003c\/em\u003e: Inside an Argon-filled glovebox (H2O, O2 \u0026lt; 0.1 ppm), weigh out anhydrous LiCl and anhydrous ErCl3 in a strict 3:1 molar ratio:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e                                         \u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCEC_02.png?v=1780901123\" width=\"210\" height=\"31\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e(2) \u003cem\u003eMilling Configuration\u003c\/em\u003e: Load the mixed powders into high-purity zirconia or tungsten carbide (WC) milling jars along with matching milling balls (5 mm or 10 mm diameter) at a 20:1 ball-to-powder weight ratio. (3) \u003cem\u003eMilling Run\u003c\/em\u003e: Process the jars on a planetary ball mill at 400 to 500 RPM for 12 to 24 hours. Program interval rests to prevent localized frictional heating from causing premature phase segregation. (4) \u003cem\u003eAnnealing Profiles\u003c\/em\u003e: The resulting amorphized or poorly crystalline powder is pelletized, sealed inside a quartz ampoule under a deep vacuum (10^{-3} Torr), and annealed at 250°C to 350°C for 5–6 hours to yield the highly conductive monoclinic or trigonal superionic phase.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 199.287px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCEC (C-BSSE-PC-EC)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10138-41-7\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.99%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 10px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e273.62 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.005 wt% (battery grade, anhydrous)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.6028%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0375%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10 g, 25 g, and 50 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the ErCl3 powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred due to its air\/humidity sensitivity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acsami.1c25087\"\u003eQ. Shao, et al. New Insights into the Effects of Zr Substitution and Carbon Additive on Li3–xEr1–xZrxCl6 Halide Solid Electrolytes, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2022, 14, 6, 8095–8105\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/aenm.202506744\"\u003eJ. S. Kim, et al. Universal Oxychlorination Strategy in Halide Solid Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Batteries, Adv. Energy Mater., 2026, DOI: 10.1002\/aenm.202506744\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"10 g","offer_id":47753577988326,"sku":"CBSSEPCEC10","price":109.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25 g","offer_id":47753578021094,"sku":"CBSSEPCEC25","price":229.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 g","offer_id":47753578053862,"sku":"CBSSEPCEC50","price":449.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCEC_main.png?v=1780901123"},{"product_id":"csibpcnfm424co3","title":"Ni0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4CO3 Precursor Powder for O3-Type Layered Oxide NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2 Cathode Synthesis, 50 g\/bottle, CSIBPCNFM424CO3","description":"\u003cp\u003eNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4CO3 is a transition metal mixed carbonate precursor specifically designed for the synthesis of O3-type layered oxide cathode materials (most notably NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2, often referred to commercially as NFM424) for high-performance Sodium-Ion Batteries (SIBs).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003eWhile hydroxide precursors (e.g., Ni0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4(OH)) are ubiquitous in lithium-ion NCM lines, the carbonate chemistry is frequently preferred when synthesizing iron-containing sodium cathodes for several reasons: (1) \u003cstrong\u003ePrevention of Iron Oxidation\u003c\/strong\u003e: When synthesizing Fe-containing hydroxides via co-precipitation, Fe^{2+} ions are easily oxidized into Fe^{3+} by trace dissolved oxygen in aqueous solution. This leads to premature phase segregation (like α-FeOOH or Fe3O4), destroying the atomic-scale homogeneity of the transition metals. Carbonate ions CO3^{2-} form a more chemically stable coordination with divalent transition metals, preventing premature oxidation and ensuring uniform Ni\/Fe\/Mn intermixing. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eMorphology and Tap Density Control\u003c\/strong\u003e: The carbonate route typically produces highly spherical, dense secondary particles composed of needle-like or plate-like primary crystalline grains. This morphology results in high tap densities (~1.5 g\/cm3), which translates directly to improved volumetric energy density in the final processed cathode sheet.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 248.738px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCSIBPCNFM424CO3 (C-SIB-PC-NFM424CO3)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Composition\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNi: 40.57 wt%   Fe: 19.16 wt%   Mn: 40.27 wt%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCa\u0026lt;66 ppm,   Zn\u0026lt;10 ppm,   Si\u0026lt;25 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e  S\u0026lt;792 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD10: 7.31 um;  D50 =10.9 um;  D90 = 14.31 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMoisture Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;130 ppm\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 28.5625px;\"\u003e1.48 g\/cm3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e50 g\/bottle\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the Ni0.4Fe0.2Mn0.6(OH)2 precursor powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery precursor powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1149\/1945-7111\/ad6cfa\/meta\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eX. Li, et al. Preparation and Property Optimization of High Capacity O3-type NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2024, 171, 080526\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acs.langmuir.4c02065\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eX. Li, et al. Prilling and Coating Strategy to Synthesize High-Performance Spherical NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2 Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries, Langmuir 2024, 40, 35, 18610–18618\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"GSLD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47905735901414,"sku":"CSIBPCNFM424CO3","price":149.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CSIBPCNFM424CO3_main.png?v=1781986949"},{"product_id":"cbssepclo","title":"Lithium Oxide (Li2O, 99.9%) Precursor Powder for Solid-State Electrolyte Synthesis, 50 g\/bottle, CBSSEPCLO","description":"\u003cp\u003eLi2O is increasingly utilized as an oxygen-introducing precursor to create oxysulfide (e.g., Li2S-P2S5-Li2O) or oxyhalide (e.g., x Li2O}-TaCl5) glass-ceramic solid electrolytes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmorphization and Structural Distortion\u003c\/strong\u003e: Introducing a precise ratio of Li2O into a chloride or sulfide matrix alters the local atomic coordination: (1) In halide systems like Li2O-TaCl5, the oxygen atoms displace a portion of the chlorine atoms, forcing the rigid dimers to break down into distorted [TaCl(5-a)Oa]^{a-} polyhedra. (2) This oxygen-bridged corner-sharing polyhedral network breaks up long-range crystalline order, facilitating low-temperature amorphization. The highly disordered local environment lowers the activation energy barrier for moving lithium ions, increasing room-temperature ionic conductivity (\u0026gt;1 mS\/cm).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSintering Kinetics \u0026amp; Volatilization In Garnets\u003c\/strong\u003e: When using Li2O for oxide-based ceramics like Cubic LLZO (Li7La3Zr2O12): (1) At typical solid-state calcination temperatures (\u0026gt;1000 C), Li2O exhibits a very high vapor pressure. If it volatilizes unhindered, the system undergoes a phase transition into the poorly conducting pyrochlore phase (La2Zr2O7). (2) A 10 to 15 mol% excess of the Li2O precursor must be budgeted into the starting batch. The green compact is typically shrouded in a sacrificial \"mother powder\" of identical target composition to create a localized, saturated Li2O vapor atmosphere inside the crucible, blocking bulk net lithium loss from the core sample.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 367.288px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 46.8875px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBSSEPCLO (C-BSSE-PC-LO)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e12057-24-8\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.9%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e29.88 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eWater Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026lt;0.005 wt% (battery grade)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eD50\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e8.65 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eMelt Point\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1427°C\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003eDensity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2.013 g\/mL at 25 °C(lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 30.5755%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 69.0647%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e50 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please store the Li2O powder in a dry place (glovebox is preferred).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0167273817301546\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA. Tron, et al. Synthesis of the solid electrolyte Li2O–LiF–P2O5 and its application for lithium-ion batteries, Solid State Ionics, 2017, 308, 40-45\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acs.jpcc.3c03876\"\u003eY. Fujita, et al. Structural Investigation of Li2O–LiI Amorphous Solid Electrolytes, J. Phys. Chem. C 2023, 127, 30, 14687–14693\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cspan class=\"cit-pageRange\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"BSHX","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47906559033574,"sku":"CBSSEPCLO","price":129.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBSSEPCLO_main.png?v=1782020727"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/collections\/Precursor_diagram.jpg?v=1782412507","url":"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/collections\/precursors.oembed","provider":"EChem Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}