{"title":"Thermal Evaporation","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThermal evaporation deposits clean, low-energy thin films by resistively heating a source material until it sublimes or vaporizes inside a high-vacuum chamber, then condensing it onto your substrate.\u003c\/strong\u003e It remains the workhorse PVD technique for laboratory deposition of metal contacts, hole\/electron-transport layer dopants, top electrodes for perovskite and OLED stacks, and reference electrodes for battery research where line-of-sight, low-damage growth matters more than conformality.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSingle-source systems are sufficient for routine metallization (Au, Ag, Al, Cr, Cu top contacts, lithium for half-cell counter-electrodes). Multi-source configurations open up co-evaporation and sequential layering without breaking vacuum, which is what enables alloy films, graded compositions, doped organics, and multi-layer device stacks. Typical workflows use a quartz crystal microbalance to monitor deposition rate per source, shutters to gate each pocket, and substrate rotation or planetary motion to even out thickness across the holder.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompared with sputtering, thermal evaporation produces less substrate damage and lower film stress, making it the preferred choice for soft organics, halide perovskites, and thermally fragile interfaces. Compared with e-beam evaporation, it is simpler, cheaper to maintain, and free of x-ray exposure to the substrate, but is limited to materials with manageable vapor pressures at resistive-heater temperatures — refractory metals and most oxides belong on an e-beam or sputter tool instead.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMatch the source count to your stack: one source for top contacts and simple metallization; two sources when you need to co-deposit a host and a dopant or alternate two layers without venting; four sources for full device stacks, alloy studies, or workflows that require a dedicated pocket per material to avoid cross-contamination. Sample-stage size sets the practical batch — pick a chamber whose holder comfortably exceeds your largest substrate so edge uniformity stays usable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you are building battery top electrodes or simple metal contacts, start with a single- or two-source unit; for organic electronics, perovskite top stacks, or alloy thin-film research, look at four-source tools. For oxide and refractory deposition see \u003ca href=\"\/collections\/electron-beam-evaporation\"\u003eElectron Beam Evaporation\u003c\/a\u003e; for higher-throughput metals and compounds see \u003ca href=\"\/collections\/sputtering\"\u003eSputtering\u003c\/a\u003e; or browse the broader \u003ca href=\"\/collections\/vapor-phase-synthesis\"\u003eVapor-Phase Synthesis\u003c\/a\u003e family.\u003c\/p\u003e\n","products":[{"product_id":"egs2ste","title":"ECS-GS 2-Source Thermal Evaporator (Samples≤60mm*60mm), EGS2STE","description":"\u003cp\u003eA 2-Source Thermal Evaporator (often called a co-evaporation system) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) tool designed to heat and evaporate two different source materials simultaneously or sequentially within a high-vacuum chamber. This setup is essential for creating alloy thin films, doped layers, or multi-layer coatings without breaking vacuum.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thermal evaporation process relies on passing a high electrical current through a resistive heating element (the \"source\") which holds the coating material. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eVacuum Environment\u003c\/strong\u003e: The chamber is pumped down to high vacuum (typically 10^{-5} to 10^{-7} Torr) to ensure the evaporated atoms have a long mean free path and do not oxidize. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eDual Source Configuration\u003c\/strong\u003e: Two independent power supplies control two separate heating elements (boats, filaments, or crucibles). (3) \u003cstrong\u003eEvaporation\u003c\/strong\u003e: The materials reach their sublimation or melting point and turn into a vapor. (4) \u003cstrong\u003eDeposition\u003c\/strong\u003e: The vapor travels in a line-of-sight path and condenses onto a substrate located above the sources.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"height: 1259px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEGS2STE (EGS-2STE)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePower\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAC380V±10%, three-phases, 50\/60Hz, 3000 W\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAC220V±10% can be supplied upon request.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 184.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 184.8px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eVacuum System Features\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 184.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVacuum Chamber: SS304, L260*D260*H450mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo doors (front and back), and an observation window\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTurbo pump, gate valve, vacuum gauge, and gas filling valve, and angle valve are installed at chamber side. \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVacuum Level: 5*10^(-5) Pa, normally it takes 40 min to approach this target.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSample change and addition can be conducted without stop of turbo pump. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 226.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 226.8px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSample Loading System\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 226.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe sample loading stage adopts the \"insertion\" structure and the maximum sample size is \u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e60mm*60mm\u003c\/span\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDistance between mask to sample is 0.2 mm. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSample stage rotation speed: 30 rpm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e          \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EGS2STE_02_100x100.png?v=1777188932\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 323.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 323.8px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDeposition System\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 323.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo evaporation sources that cover metal, organic, and inorganic materials. Each evaporation source has individual cooling system. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVertical distance between source and substrate is ~300 mm.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeparation plate is designed for avoiding cross-contamination.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDC power source: 8V-180A, 1.5 kW. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMax. Temperature: 1500℃ (adjusting current to control the heating temperature and heating rate for evaporation).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA thickness monitor (GT ITC-5) with quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) unit is installed for tracking the in-real thickness. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e           \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EGS2STE_03_100x100.png?v=1777189889\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 207.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 207.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eControl System\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 207.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHMI touch screen control.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomatic and manual control on\/off of the mechanical and turbo vacuum pump, valve, and electrode switch. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e        \u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EGS2STE_04_100x100.png?v=1777190650\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAccessories (\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eOptional\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA water chiller (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/products\/eadtcwc?variant=47528488698086\"\u003eEADTCWC\u003c\/a\u003e) within 10-25 ℃ and 0.1-0.3 MPa is required for cooling the evaporation electrodes and turbo pump. \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e          \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EADTCWC_main_100x100.png?v=1775781572\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA gas compressor (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/products\/euqofgc?variant=47513044156646\"\u003eEUQOFGC\u003c\/a\u003e) is needed to provide gas pressure of 60-80 psi for controlling pneumatic valves.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e        \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EUQOFGC_main_100x100.png?v=1775414665\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCertification\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCE certified\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUL and CSA certification is available upon request at extra cost\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eDimension\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eL900 * W700 * H1500 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt can be integrated with Ar-filled glovebox for air\/humidity-sensitive materials (eg: Li) evaporation and deposition. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eWeight\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e~300 kg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/aenm.202203256\"\u003eE. Adhitama, et al., On the Practical Applicability of the Li Metal-Based Thermal Evaporation Prelithiation Technique on Si Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries, Adv. Energy Mater., 2023, 13, 2203256\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2666248524000039\"\u003eL. Fallarino, et al., On the practical applicability of thermal evaporation technique to fabricate Na thin metal anodes for Na-metal batteries, Journal of Power Sources Advances, 2024, 26, 100137\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0378775324011704\"\u003eB. Acebedo, et al., On the role of ultrathin lithium metal anodes produced by thermal evaporation, Journal of Power Sources, 2024, 618, 235218\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"GTKJ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47577653149926,"sku":"EGS2STE","price":8888888.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EGS2STE_main.png?v=1777188887"},{"product_id":"egm4ste","title":"ECS-GM 4-Source Thermal Evaporator (Samples≤135mm*136mm), EGM4STE","description":"\u003cp\u003eA 2-Source Thermal Evaporator (often called a co-evaporation system) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) tool designed to heat and evaporate four different source materials simultaneously or sequentially within a high-vacuum chamber. This setup is essential for creating alloy thin films, doped layers, or multi-layer coatings without breaking vacuum.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thermal evaporation process relies on passing a high electrical current through a resistive heating element (the \"source\") which holds the coating material. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eVacuum Environment\u003c\/strong\u003e: The chamber is pumped down to high vacuum (typically 10^{-5} to 10^{-7} Torr) to ensure the evaporated atoms have a long mean free path and do not oxidize. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eDual Source Configuration\u003c\/strong\u003e: Two independent power supplies control two separate heating elements (boats, filaments, or crucibles). (3) \u003cstrong\u003eEvaporation\u003c\/strong\u003e: The materials reach their sublimation or melting point and turn into a vapor. (4) \u003cstrong\u003eDeposition\u003c\/strong\u003e: The vapor travels in a line-of-sight path and condenses onto a substrate located above the sources.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"height: 1259px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEGM4STE (EGM-4STE)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePower\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAC380V±10%, three-phases, 50\/60Hz, 5000 W\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAC220V±10% can be supplied upon request.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 184.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 184.8px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eVacuum System Features\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 184.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVacuum Chamber: SS304, \u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eL400*D400*H560mm\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo doors (front and back), and an observation window\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTurbo pump, gate valve, vacuum gauge, and gas filling valve, and angle valve are installed at chamber side. \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVacuum Level: 5*10^(-5) Pa, normally it takes 30 min to approach this target.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSample change and addition can be conducted without stop of turbo pump. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 226.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 226.8px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSample Loading System\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 226.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe sample loading stage adopts the \"insertion\" structure and the maximum sample size is \u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003e135mm*135mm\u003c\/span\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCooling system is associated with the sample. \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSample stage rotation speed: 30 rpm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e          \u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EGM4STE_02_100x100.png?v=1777193373\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 323.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 323.8px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDeposition System\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 323.8px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFour evaporation sources that cover metal, organic, and inorganic materials. Each evaporation source has individual cooling system. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVertical distance between source and substrate is ~350 mm.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeparation plate is designed for avoiding cross-contamination.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDC power source: 8V-180A, 1.5 kW. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMax. Temperature: 1500℃ (adjusting current to control the heating temperature and heating rate for evaporation).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA thickness monitor (Inficon SQC-310, resolution ±0.015 Å, speed display of 0.01 Å\/s) with quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) unit is installed for tracking the in-real thickness. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e           \u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EGM4STE_03_100x100.png?v=1777193374\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 207.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 207.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eControl System\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 207.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHMI touch screen control.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAutomatic and manual control on\/off of the mechanical and turbo vacuum pump, valve, and electrode switch. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e        \u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EGS2STE_04_100x100.png?v=1777190650\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAccessories (\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eOptional\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA water chiller (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/products\/eadtcwc?variant=47528488698086\"\u003eEADTCWC\u003c\/a\u003e) within 10-25 ℃ and 0.1-0.3 MPa is required for cooling the evaporation electrodes and turbo pump. \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e          \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EADTCWC_main_100x100.png?v=1775781572\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA gas compressor (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/products\/euqofgc?variant=47513044156646\"\u003eEUQOFGC\u003c\/a\u003e) is needed to provide gas pressure of 60-80 psi for controlling pneumatic valves.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e        \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EUQOFGC_main_100x100.png?v=1775414665\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCertification\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 67.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCE certified\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUL and CSA certification is available upon request at extra cost\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eDimension\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eL1600 * W1000 * H1900 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt can be integrated with Ar-filled glovebox for air\/humidity-sensitive materials (eg: Li) evaporation and deposition. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 17.9856%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eWeight\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 81.6547%; height: 47.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e~600 kg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/aenm.202203256\"\u003eE. Adhitama, et al., On the Practical Applicability of the Li Metal-Based Thermal Evaporation Prelithiation Technique on Si Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries, Adv. Energy Mater., 2023, 13, 2203256\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2666248524000039\"\u003eL. Fallarino, et al., On the practical applicability of thermal evaporation technique to fabricate Na thin metal anodes for Na-metal batteries, Journal of Power Sources Advances, 2024, 26, 100137\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0378775324011704\"\u003eB. Acebedo, et al., On the role of ultrathin lithium metal anodes produced by thermal evaporation, Journal of Power Sources, 2024, 618, 235218\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"GTKJ","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47577808961766,"sku":"EGM4STE","price":8888888.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/EGM4STE_main.png?v=1777192843"},{"product_id":"ecessteqc","title":"ECS-C Economic Single-Source Thermal Evaporator with Quartz Chamber, ECESSTEQC","description":"\u003cp\u003eAn Economic Single-Source Thermal Evaporator is the most cost-effective Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) solution for depositing ultra-pure, low-melting-point metals and organic thin films. Unlike sputtering, which uses plasma, thermal evaporation uses resistive heating to \"boil\" the source material in a high vacuum, making it a \"gentle\" process ideal for delicate substrates like those used in Sodium-Ion (SIB) and Anode-Free research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a single-source configuration, the system is optimized for one material per run. This dramatically reduces the complexity of the power supply and the size of the vacuum chamber, leading to several \"economic\" advantages: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eLow Initial Investment\u003c\/strong\u003e: These systems are typically 30%–50% cheaper than multi-source or e-beam evaporators. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eMinimal Consumables\u003c\/strong\u003e: Uses inexpensive tungsten or molybdenum \"boats\" (20–50 each) as the heating element. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eEase of Use\u003c\/strong\u003e: Simple \"Set it and Forget it\" operation; no complex impedance matching or beam steering required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eECESSTEQC (EC-ESSTEQC)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePower\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAC220V±10%, single-phases, 50\/60Hz, 1500 W\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eTechnical Parameters\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvaporation Voltage: 5 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvaporation Current: 0-100 A, adjustable\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA tungsten crucible and basket\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSample Stage: Φ100 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDistance between Sample and Evaporation Source: 60-100 mm, adjustable\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVacuum Chamber: Quartz, Φ180mm*H200mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVacuum Port: KF25; Feeding Port: 1\/4\" double clamp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUltimate Vacuum Level: 5*10^(-4) Torr with combined mechanical and turbo pump (\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eoptional\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eOptional Accessories\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe real-time film thickness gauge is available upon request (\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003enot included\u003c\/span\u003e).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness Resolution: 0.0136 Å (Al). \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness Accuracy: ±0.5%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeasuring Speed: 100ms-1s\/time\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFrequency: 6 MHz, Φ14mm (flange CF35)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            \u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/ECESSDCMSC_03_100x100.png?v=1777699830\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eCertification\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCE certified\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUL and CSA certification is available upon request at extra cost\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimension\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eL600 × W600 × H700 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt can be integrated with Ar-filled glovebox for air\/humidity-sensitive materials processing \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eWeight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e~50 kg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col class=\"cus-ref-zone__list\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/aenm.202203256\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eE. Adhitama, et al., On the Practical Applicability of the Li Metal-Based Thermal Evaporation Prelithiation Technique on Si Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries, Adv. Energy Mater., 2023, 13, 2203256\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2666248524000039\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eL. Fallarino, et al., On the practical applicability of thermal evaporation technique to fabricate Na thin metal anodes for Na-metal batteries, Journal of Power Sources Advances, 2024, 26, 100137\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0378775324011704\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eB. Acebedo, et al., On the role of ultrathin lithium metal anodes produced by thermal evaporation, Journal of Power Sources, 2024, 618, 235218\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"CYKY","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47618428240102,"sku":"ECESSTEQC","price":8888888.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/ECESSTEQC_main.png?v=1777703631"},{"product_id":"ecetessc","title":"ECS-C Economic Single- or Dual-Source Thermal Evaporator with SS304 Chamber, ECETESSC","description":"\u003cp\u003eAn Economic Single- or Dual-Source Thermal Evaporator is the most cost-effective Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) solution for depositing ultra-pure, low-melting-point metals and organic thin films. Unlike sputtering, which uses plasma, thermal evaporation uses resistive heating to \"boil\" the source material in a high vacuum, making it a \"gentle\" process ideal for delicate substrates like those used in Sodium-Ion (SIB) and Anode-Free research.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a single- or dual-source configuration, the system is optimized for one or two material per run. This dramatically reduces the complexity of the power supply and the size of the vacuum chamber, leading to several \"economic\" advantages: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eLow Initial Investment\u003c\/strong\u003e: These systems are typically 30%–50% cheaper than multi-source or e-beam evaporators. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eMinimal Consumables\u003c\/strong\u003e: Uses inexpensive tungsten or molybdenum \"boats\" (20–50 each) as the heating element. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eEase of Use\u003c\/strong\u003e: Simple \"Set it and Forget it\" operation; no complex impedance matching or beam steering required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eECETESSC (EC-ETESSC)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003ePower\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAC220V±10%, single-phases, 50\/60Hz, 1500 W (single source); 2000 W (dual-source)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eTechnical Parameters\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvaporation Voltage: 5 V\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEvaporation Current: 0-100 A, adjustable\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA tungsten crucible and basket\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSample Stage: Φ100 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDistance between Sample and Evaporation Source: 60-100 mm, adjustable\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVacuum Chamber: \u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eSS304\u003c\/span\u003e, Φ194mm*H220mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eObservation Window: Φ60mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVacuum Port: KF25; Feeding Port: KF16\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUltimate Vacuum Level: 5*10^(-4) Pa with combined mechanical (1.1 L\/s) and turbo pump (600 L\/s) (\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003eoptional\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eOptional Accessories\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe real-time film thickness gauge is available upon request (\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(255, 42, 0);\"\u003enot included\u003c\/span\u003e).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness Resolution: 0.0136 Å (Al). \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThickness Accuracy: ±0.5%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeasuring Speed: 100ms-1s\/time\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFrequency: 6 MHz, Φ14mm (flange CF35)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            \u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/ECESSDCMSC_03_100x100.png?v=1777699830\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eCertification\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCE certified\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUL and CSA certification is available upon request at extra cost\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eDimension\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eL600 × W600 × H750 mm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt can be integrated with Ar-filled glovebox for air\/humidity-sensitive materials processing \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\u003cem\u003eWeight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e~80 kg\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col class=\"cus-ref-zone__list\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/aenm.202203256\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eE. Adhitama, et al., On the Practical Applicability of the Li Metal-Based Thermal Evaporation Prelithiation Technique on Si Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries, Adv. Energy Mater., 2023, 13, 2203256\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2666248524000039\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eL. Fallarino, et al., On the practical applicability of thermal evaporation technique to fabricate Na thin metal anodes for Na-metal batteries, Journal of Power Sources Advances, 2024, 26, 100137\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0378775324011704\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eB. Acebedo, et al., On the role of ultrathin lithium metal anodes produced by thermal evaporation, Journal of Power Sources, 2024, 618, 235218\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"CYKY","offers":[{"title":"Single-Source","offer_id":47619929407718,"sku":"ECETESSCSS","price":8888888.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Dual-Source","offer_id":47619929440486,"sku":"ECETESSCDS","price":8888888.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/ECETESSC_01.png?v=1777709485"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/collections\/EGS2STE_main.png?v=1777660762","url":"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/collections\/thermal-evaporation.oembed","provider":"EChem Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}