{"product_id":"cbeatap","title":"TAP (Triallyl Phosphate, \u003e99.0%) as Battery Electrolyte Additive, 5-25 g\/bottle, CBEATAP","description":"\u003cp\u003eTriallyl Phosphate (TAP)—systematically named tri(prop-2-en-1-yl) phosphate—is an unsaturated organophosphorus functional additive featuring three reactive terminal allyl groups (-CH2-CH=CH2) bound to a central phosphate ester core (CH2=CH-CH2-O)3-P=O). It is widely used in non-aqueous electrolytes for high-voltage lithium-ion (LIBs), lithium-metal, and sodium-ion batteries to improve interphase stability and flame retardancy. The core functional roles \u0026amp; electrochemical advantages are shown below:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Voltage Cathode Electrolyte Interphase (CEI) Passivation\u003c\/strong\u003e: The presence of three reactive double bonds (C=C) gives TAP a relatively low oxidation potential compared to saturated carbonate solvents. During initial high-voltage charging (\u0026gt;4.3 V vs. Li\/Li+), TAP oxidizes preferentially on active cathode surfaces (e.g., Ni-rich NMC811, NCMA, high-voltage LCO). Free-radical polymerization of the allyl arms creates a thin, cross-linked, phosphorus- and organic-rich CEI layer. This film acts as a physical barrier that passivates catalytic cathode surface sites and suppresses parasitic oxidation of the bulk solvent.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSuppression of Transition Metal Leaching\u003c\/strong\u003e: The basic phosphate oxygen (P=O) and allyl groups interact with surface transition-metal ions (Ni^{3+}\/Ni^{4+}, Mn^{3+}) on high-voltage cathodes. Passivating these reactive sites inhibits transition-metal dissolution, mitigating structural phase transformations (such as layered-to-rocksalt transitions) and preventing dissolved metal ions from migrating to and poisoning the anode SEI.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInorganic\/Organic Hybrid Anode SEI Formation\u003c\/strong\u003e: TAP also participates in sacrificial reduction on graphite, silicon-carbon, or lithium-metal anodes at ~ 1.0 V to 1.3 V vs. Li\/Li+. Polymerization of the allyl double bonds generates a flexible, organic-rich outer layer, while phosphate fragments contribute conductive inorganic phosphorus species to the inner interphase layer, helping homogenize Li+ flux.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFlame Retardancy \u0026amp; Thermal Safety\u003c\/strong\u003e: Like other trialkyl\/triaryl phosphate esters, the phosphate group (PO4^{3-}-like core) acts as a radical scavenger (capturing H and OH radicals) in the gas phase during thermal abuse. Adding TAP suppresses electrolyte flammability, reduces self-extinguishing time (SET), and decreases volatile gas evolution during high-temperature aging or thermal runaway conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 335.6px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBEATAP (C-BEA-TAP)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1779-34-6\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 154px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 154px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Formula\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 154px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1623-19-4\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBEATAP_02_100x100.jpg?v=1786170761\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eColorless Liquid\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.0% (moisture sensitive)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e218.19 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Size\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5 g, 10 g, and 25 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please try to store the TAP liquid in a dry place (glovebox is the best)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0378775315300409\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJ. Xia, et al. Study of triallyl phosphate as an electrolyte additive for high voltage lithium-ion cells, Journal of Power Sources, 2015, 295, 203-211.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/aaemcq\/article-abstract\/5\/11\/13600\/412243\/Using-Triallyl-Phosphate-as-Electrolyte-Additive?redirectedFrom=fulltext\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD. Lu, et al. Using Triallyl Phosphate as Electrolyte Additive to Stabilize Electrode–Electrolyte Interface of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4\/Graphite High Voltage Lithium Ion Cells, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. (2022) 5 (11): 13600–13609.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"5 g","offer_id":48136107393254,"sku":"CBEATAP5","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 g","offer_id":48136107426022,"sku":"CBEATAP10","price":179.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25 g","offer_id":48136107458790,"sku":"CBEATAP25","price":419.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBEATAP_main.jpg?v=1786170762","url":"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/products\/cbeatap","provider":"EChem Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}