{"product_id":"cbeatppi","title":"TPPi (Triphenyl Phosphite, \u003e99.0%) as Battery Electrolyte Additive, 25-100 g\/bottle, CBEATPPi","description":"\u003cp\u003eTriphenyl phosphite (commonly designated as TPPi or TPP) is a specialized organic phosphite ester engineered as a multifunctional electrolyte additive for advanced lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. Featuring a trivalent phosphorus center (P(III)) bonded to three electron-withdrawing phenoxy groups, TPPi serves as an effective acid scavenger, flame retardant, and sacrificial film-forming agent designed to enhance thermal safety and high-voltage operational stability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts functional roles in electrolyte engineering are: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eAcid and Moisture Scavenging\u003c\/strong\u003e: TPPi readily reacts with trace moisture and hydrofluoric acid (HF) generated by the thermal or moisture-induced hydrolysis of standard salts (such as LiPF6). By neutralizing these acidic species, it prevents the catalytic degradation of active lithium salts and stops acid-induced transition-metal dissolution from the cathode. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eSacrificial Cathode-Electrolyte Interphase (CEI) Formation\u003c\/strong\u003e: Due to the low oxidation potential of the trivalent phosphorus center, TPPi preferentially participates in sacrificial electrochemical oxidation during early-stage charging. This yields a uniform, passivating CEI film on high-voltage transition metal oxide cathodes, suppressing continuous electrolyte oxidation and gas evolution. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eAnode Passivation Support (SEI Enhancement)\u003c\/strong\u003e: Oxidation and reduction breakdown products of TPPi can also migrate or participate in forming a stable, hybrid inorganic-organic Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) on graphite or silicon-based anodes. (4) \u003cstrong\u003eFlame Retardancy \u0026amp; Radical Scavenging\u003c\/strong\u003e: The high phosphorus and aromatic carbon content allows TPPi to function as a radical scavenger during thermal abuse, quenching combustion chain reactions in the vapor phase and helping mitigate thermal runaway risks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts primary electrochemical application domains are: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Voltage Lithium-Ion Full Cells\u003c\/strong\u003e: Integrated into standard carbonate master electrolytes (e.g., LiPF6 in EC\/EMC) to support cells cycled at upper cut-off voltages exceeding 4.3 V to 4.5 V (such as with high-nickel NMC811 chemistries). (2) \u003cstrong\u003eHigh-Temperature Storage and Cycling\u003c\/strong\u003e: Deployed to suppress capacity fade, minimize impedance growth, and prevent cell swelling during aggressive high-temperature storage protocols.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 296.6px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCBEATPPi (C-BEA-TPPi)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e101-02-0\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 116px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 116px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Formula\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 116px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eC\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e1\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e8\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eH\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e1\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003csub\u003e5\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eO\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e3\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eP\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBEATPPi_Structure_100x100.jpg?v=1789971424\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eColorless Liquid\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u0026gt;99.0%\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 18.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 18.6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e310.29 g\/mol\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Size\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e25 g, 50 g, and 100 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please try to store the TPPi liquid in a dry place (glovebox is the best option).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0013468616318953\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eZ. Zhou, et al. Triphenyl phosphite as an electrolyte additive to improve the cyclic stability of lithium-rich layered oxide cathode for lithium-ion batteries, Electrochimica Acta, 2016, 216, 44-50.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S2405829722000423\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eX. Yang, et al. High-voltage lithium-ion capacitors enabled by a multifunctional phosphite electrolyte additive, Energy Storage Materials, 2022, 46, 431-442 \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"MKL","offers":[{"title":"25 g","offer_id":48415814418662,"sku":"CBEATPPi25","price":69.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 g","offer_id":48415814451430,"sku":"CBEATPPi50","price":119.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 g","offer_id":48415814484198,"sku":"CBEATPPi100","price":199.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CBEATPPi_main.jpg?v=1789971424","url":"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/products\/cbeatppi","provider":"EChem Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}