{"product_id":"cco2rreapz","title":"Piperazine (\u003e99.0%) Powder as Electrolyte Additive for CO2 Electroreduction (CO2RR), 50 g\/bottle, CCO2RREAPZ","description":"\u003cp\u003eIn electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2RR), Piperazine and its derivatives are utilized as specialized electrolyte additives to enhance the capture and conversion of CO2. While often associated with industrial carbon capture (amine scrubbing), piperazine plays a distinct role when added to an electrochemical cell by acting as a molecular shuttle and local pH buffer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePiperazine (C4H10N2) is a cyclic diamine. In an aqueous electrolyte, it undergoes a reversible reaction with CO2 to form carbamates. (1) \u003cstrong\u003eCO2 Concentration\u003c\/strong\u003e: CO2 has low solubility in water (~34 mM). Piperazine reacts with CO2 to form a protonated carbamate, effectively \"loading\" the electrolyte with a higher concentration of carbon-carrying species than would be possible with dissolved gas alone. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eSurface Delivery\u003c\/strong\u003e: The piperazine-carbamate moves to the cathode surface. Under the local electric field and the high pH environment near the electrode, the carbamate releases the CO2 molecule directly at the catalyst's active sites. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eProton Management\u003c\/strong\u003e: As a diamine, piperazine can accept and donate protons (H+). This helps manage the local pH at the interface, preventing the extreme alkalinity that often leads to unwanted carbonate precipitate formation (scaling) on the electrode.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe primary goal of using piperazine as an additive is to increase the Partial Current Density for carbon products while suppressing the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 192.637px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 40.2375px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCCO2RREAPZ (C-CO2RR-EA-PZ)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCAS\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e110-85-0\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Formula\/Structure\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eC\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eH\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e10\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cspan\u003eN\u003c\/span\u003e\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CCO2RREAPZ_molecular_structure_160x160.png?v=1771953654\"\u003e\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWhite to light yellow powder\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMolecular Weight\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e86.14\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBoiling Point\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e145-146 ℃ (lit.)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.0575%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Grade\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 64.7626%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e50 g\/bottle\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41560-025-01869-8\"\u003eP. Li, et al., Tandem amine scrubbing and CO2 electrolysis via direct piperazine carbamate reduction, Nat. Energy, 2025, 10, 1262–1273\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/jacs.5c10975?ref=recommended\"\u003eS. Zheng, et al., Bidentate Piperazine Matrices Steering Interfacial Proton Flux toward Ampere-Level Ethanol Electrosynthesis in CO2 Electrolyzers, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, 147, 47, 43415–43423\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"Sigma","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47382536716518,"sku":"CCO2RREAPZ","price":59.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CCO2RREAPZ_main.png?v=1771953655","url":"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/products\/cco2rreapz","provider":"EChem Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}