{"product_id":"csibakhc","title":"Kuraray Hard Carbon (Type 2) Powder for Na-Ion Battery Anode, 100 g\/bottle, CSIBAKHCT2","description":"\u003cp\u003eHard carbon is a non-graphitizable, amorphous material. Its structure is highly disordered and random, which creates larger interlayer spacing and internal micropores for ion-intercalation and migration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sodium storage is described as the following three-step \"adsorption-intercalation-filling\" mechanism:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(1) Adsorption (High Voltage): Sodium ions first attach (adsorb) to the surfaces and defect sites on the hard carbon particles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(2) Intercalation (Sloping Voltage): The ions then slide in between the disordered graphitic layers, similar to how lithium enters graphite but in a more chaotic environment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(3) Pore-Filling (Low Voltage): Finally, the ions cluster together and fill the material's internal nanopores. This step is responsible for a large portion of hard carbon's high capacity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnlike most hard carbons, which can be derived from petroleum coke or coal tar, Kuraray's hard carbon is manufactured from plant-based biomass, specifically coconut shells with features of eco-friendly and complex process. It has a wider interlayer spacing (the gaps between the carbon layers, noted as d002 \u0026gt; 0.38 nm) to host large sodium ion compared to the tight spacing in graphite.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 55.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCSIBAKHC (C-SIB-A-KHC)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParticle Size Distribution\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eD50 = 5.0 um\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTap Density\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e1.48 \u003cspan\u003eg\/cm3\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSpecific Area\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%;\"\u003e6.0 m2\/g\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eFirst Discharging Capacity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e~300 mAh\/g\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/C-SIB-A-KHC-Charge-Dsicharge_160x160.jpg?v=1762793019\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectrolyte: 1.0 M NaPF6 in EC:DMC:EMC = 1:1:1 with 1.0wt% FEC.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eFirst Columbic Efficiency\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%;\"\u003e~89.3%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.6331%;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCycling Stability \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.0072%;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/C-SIB-A-KHC-Cycling_Stability_160x160.jpg?v=1762793027\" alt=\"\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: (1) Please store the hard carbon powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e(2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/acs.chemmater.8b00645\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eZ. Li, et al. Defective Hard Carbon Anode for Na-Ion Batteries, Chem. Mater., 2018, 30, 4536–4542\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2014\/ta\/c4ta02068e\/unauth\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eK. Hong, et al. Biomass derived hard carbon used as a high performance anode material for sodium ion batteries, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2014, 2, 12733-12738\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"Echem Supplies","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46853810749670,"sku":"CSIBAKHC","price":99.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CSIBAKHC.png?v=1763455283","url":"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/products\/csibakhc","provider":"EChem Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}