{"product_id":"csibcpsass","title":"Sodium Squarate (Na2C4O4) Powder as Cathode Pre-Sodiation Additive for Sodium-Ion Battery, 10 g\/bottle, CSIBCPSASS","description":"\u003cp\u003eSodium squarate (Na2C4O4), also known as disodium squarate, is an emerging organic sacrificial sodium salt used for the pre-sodiation of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and sodium-ion capacitors (SICs). It is considered a \"green\" and high-efficiency alternative to inorganic supplements because it decomposes during the first charge into environmentally benign gaseous byproducts (CO or CO2) and sodium ions, leaving behind virtually no dead weight or metal residues. The key features of Na2C4O4 as sodium pre-sodiation additive are: (1) \u003cstrong\u003eHigh\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eTheoretical Capacity\u003c\/strong\u003e: It offers a high specific capacity of 339 mAh\/g, which is significantly higher than many inorganic sodium-rich additives. (2) \u003cstrong\u003eOxidation Potential\u003c\/strong\u003e: It decomposes irreversibly at approximately 3.6 V (vs. Na\/Na⁺). This potential is low enough to be compatible with standard sodium-ion electrolytes, preventing side reactions. (3) \u003cstrong\u003eGaseous Byproducts\u003c\/strong\u003e: Upon decomposition, the squarate anion {(C4O4)2-} primarily converts into Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2). These gases are easily removed during the battery's degassing phase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable width=\"100%\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 423.812px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.0935%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePart Number\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.7266%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCSIBCPSASS (C-SIB-CPSA-SS)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.0935%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAppearance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.7266%; height: 39.2px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003ePristine Na2C4O4: White\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003eNa2C4O4\/Carbon Composite: Grey or Black\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 175px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.0935%; height: 175px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChemical Formula\/Structure\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.7266%; height: 175px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003eNa2C4O4\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CSIBCPSASS_chemical_structure_160x160.png?v=1767590610\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.0935%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAdditive Types\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.7266%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e(1) Pristine Na2C4O4\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e(2) Na2C4O4\/Carbon composite (carbon content is 5 wt%)\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.0935%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePurity\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.7266%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u0026gt;99%\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.0935%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003epH\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.7266%; height: 19.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e7.5-8.5\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.0935%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAddition Amount\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.7266%; height: 35.6px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.5-5.0 wt%\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 31.2125px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 33.0935%; height: 31.2125px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePackage Size\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 66.7266%; height: 31.2125px;\"\u003e10 g\/bottle\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNotes\u003c\/strong\u003e: Please try to store the Na2C4O4 powder in a dry place (glovebox is the best option). \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c\/strong\u003e: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/batt.202400207\"\u003eL. Sbrascini, et al. ffect of Presodiation Additive on Structural and Interfacial Stability of Hard Carbon | P2-Na0.66Mn0.75Ni0.2Mg0.05O2 Full Cel, Batteries \u0026amp; Supercaps, 2024, 7, e202400207\u003c\/a\u003e.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/adfm.202409628\"\u003eS. Lin, et al. Research Progress and Perspectives on Pre-Sodiation Strategies for Sodium-Ion Batteries, Adv. Funct. Mater.. 2024, 34, 2409628\u003c\/a\u003e. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e","brand":"FLKJ","offers":[{"title":"Pristine Na2C4O4","offer_id":47245680935142,"sku":"CSIBCPSAPSS","price":45.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Na2C4O4\/Carbon Composite","offer_id":47245680967910,"sku":"CSIBCPSASSC","price":49.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0774\/6591\/1526\/files\/CSIBCPSAPSS_main.png?v=1767590610","url":"https:\/\/echemsupplies.com\/products\/csibcpsass","provider":"EChem Supplies","version":"1.0","type":"link"}