The liquid electrolyte sets the rate capability, the SEI/CEI chemistry, and the safe voltage window of every cell you build here. This collection covers ready-to-use formulations across lithium-ion, lithium-sulfur, sodium-ion, potassium-ion, zinc-ion, and supercapacitor chemistries, supplied as bottled solutions you can drop straight into a glovebox or a dry-room cell line.
Choose by the working ion of your cell, then by the salt and the solvent matrix that match your electrode pair and operating window.
Lithium-based systems
- LiPF6, LiBF4, and LiClO4 in carbonate blends (EC/DMC/DEC/EMC, with or without PC) for conventional lithium-ion cells with graphite or silicon-blend anodes and layered, spinel, or olivine cathodes.
- LiTFSI in carbonate or in ether-rich blends (PC/DME/DOL/G2/G4), used as a co-salt or main salt for high-voltage and high-temperature work, and as the standard salt for Li-S cells where LiNO3 is added to suppress polysulfide shuttling.
- LiBF4 co-salt formulations for high-voltage cathode CEI stabilization and improved tolerance to trace moisture.
Sodium, potassium, and zinc systems
- NaPF6 in binary (EC/DMC/DEC/EMC) and ternary (EC/DMC/DEC/EMC/Diglyme) carbonate-ether blends as the workhorse sodium-ion electrolyte.
- NaFSI and NaTFSI as next-generation sodium-ion salts when you need higher ionic conductivity, better thermal stability, improved hydrolysis resistance, or compatibility with sodium-metal anodes.
- KOTf and KTFSI in carbonate/ether/glyme blends for potassium-ion cells with hard-carbon or alloy anodes.
- Zn(OTf)2 in AN/H2O matrices at 1.0-3.0 M for aqueous and hybrid zinc-ion batteries.
Supercapacitors
- TEATFB (TEA+ / BF4-) in PC and PC/AN solvent blends, the standard non-aqueous supporting electrolyte for activated-carbon EDLCs operating at or above 2.7 V.
All formulations ship as bottled liquids and most are HAZMAT-classified; store sealed in a glovebox or dry room and warm to room temperature before use. Custom molarity, solvent ratio, and additive packages are available on request.
If you are formulating a lithium-ion or lithium-sulfur cell, start with the corresponding salt above; for beyond-lithium chemistries, jump to sodium-ion, potassium-ion, or zinc-ion. For solid and gel alternatives, see solid electrolytes; for the salts in dry powder form, see electrolyte salts.
