PVDF-TrFE-CTFE {Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene)} as Gel Polymer Electrolyte (GPE), 50 g/bottle, CGPEPVDFTrFECTFE

Using P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)—poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene)—as a host matrix for a Gel Polymer Electrolyte (GPE) or ionogel is a highly strategic choice for high-voltage, high-energy-density battery systems. While conventional GPEs lean heavily on standard PVDF or P(VDF-HFP), this specialized relaxor-ferroelectric terpolymer introduces unique physical and dielectric properties that fundamentally alter ion transport and interface stability.

Ultra-High Dielectric Constant: Standard PVDF exhibits a dielectric constant of roughly 8 to 12. By introducing TrFE and bulky CTFE termonomers into the well-organized VDF chains, the structural cooperativity is disrupted, transforming the normal ferroelectric phase into a relaxor-ferroelectric phase. (1) Enhanced Ion Dissociation: The massive local dipole mobility yields a relative dielectric constant that can exceed 50 at room temperature. This extreme high-k environment screens the electrostatic attraction between lithium/sodium cations and their corresponding anions, dramatically facilitating the dissociation of ion pairs and higher-order clusters. (2) Increased Free Carrier Concentration: Enhanced dissociation elevates the concentration of free, mobile Li+ or Na+ ions within the gelled network.

Amorphous Phase Engineering & Plasticizer Retention: Pure PVDF is highly semi-crystalline, which severely restricts bulk chain mobility. The steric hindrance of the bulky chlorine atoms in the CTFE units radically lowers the polymer's crystallinity and shifts its melting point down (typically to around 120°C). This highly amorphous morphology increases the free volume of the matrix, allowing it to swell and hold a large volume of liquid electrolyte or ionic liquid (IL) without structural collapse or excessive bleeding (exudation).

In traditional PVDF or P(VDF-HFP) GPEs, the strong electron-withdrawing nature of the fluorine atoms creates a high binding energy with the coordinating cations, causing them to drag segments of the polymer chain or local solvent clouds during transport. P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) exhibits an optimized, weaker adsorption energy toward cations. Coupled with the high dielectric screening, it creates an efficient hopping mechanism for the metal ions. This lowers the activation energy for bulk transport, resulting in high ionic conductivity (often approaching 10^{-3} S/cm at room temperature) and an elevated cation transference number (t+). The presence of highly electronegative fluorinated and chlorinated components provides excellent anodic stability. P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) matrices demonstrate broad electrochemical stability windows, often exceeding 4.5 V to 4.8 V vs. Li/Li+, making them highly compatible with aggressive chemistries like ultra-high nickel layered oxides (e.g., NCM811, NCM9451).

Part Number	CGPEPVDFTrFECTFE (C-GPE-PVDFTrFECTFE)
CAS	81197-12-8
Chemical Formula	-(CH2-CF2)x-(CHF-CF2)y-(CFCl-CF2)z-
Molar Ratio in PVDF-TrFE-CTFE	PVDF: TrFE: CTFE = 64: 27: 9
Average Molecular Weight	Mw = ~600000, 50 g/bottle

Notes: Please try to store the PVDF-TrFE-CTFE in a dry place.

References: 

1. Y. Hou, et al. Regulating dielectricity of a polymer electrolyte to promote cation mobility for high-performance solid zinc hybrid batteries, Energy Environ. Sci. (2024) 17 (11): 3917–3926
2. Y. Du, et al. Non-free water dominated electrolyte architectures for zinc-based batteries: toward sustainable long-life zinc-based energy storage solutions, J. Mater. Chem. A (2025) 13 (43): 36911–36933