Electrochemical Flow Cell for Multifunctional (XRD+XAS+Raman) Operando Characterizations, CMOCEFC
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An Electrochemical Flow Cell for Multifunctional Operando Characterization is a high-level research reactor designed to allow multiple analytical probes (e.g., X-rays, Lasers, and Mass Spectrometry) to observe a catalyst or battery material while it is actively functioning under flow conditions. Unlike standard "static" operando cells, these flow-based systems allow for high current densities, better mass transport, and real-time product analysis, making them essential for studying $CO_2$ reduction (CO2RR), Water Splitting (OER/HER), and Redox Flow Batteries.
Modern operando flow cells are designed to be "multimodal," meaning they can accommodate different windows and geometries for various techniques simultaneously or interchangeably: (1) X-ray Methods (XRD & XAS): Require thin Kapton or Mylar windows and often use "Grazing Incidence" (GI) geometry to probe only the top few nanometers of the catalyst surface. (2) Vibrational Spectroscopy (Raman & IR): Use Quartz (Raman) or ZnSe/CaF₂ (FTIR) windows. Surface-enhanced techniques (SERS/SEIRAS) are often integrated by using a roughened gold or silver underlayer.
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CMOCEFC (C-MOCEFC) |
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| Note | The cell components should be thoroughly cleaned and dried after use. |
References:
1. S. Frank, et al., The AUREX cell: a versatile operando electrochemical cell for studying catalytic materials using X-ray diffraction, total scattering and X-ray absorption spectroscopy under working conditions, J. Appl. Crystallography, 2024, 57, 1489-1502