Economic Carbon Felt Sheet (T 1.0-5.0 mm * W 100mm * L 100mm) for Flow Battery, Electrolyzer, and Fuel Cell, 5 pcs/pack, CFBEFCECFS

Carbon felt (typically heat-treated at ~ 1000–1400°C) differs from graphite felt (graphitized at >2000°C) in its crystallographic order, surface chemistry, and mechanical properties. While graphite felt has higher electronic conductivity, carbon felt possesses a higher concentration of structural defects, disordered carbon, and residual functional groups. These characteristics give carbon felt distinct advantages and trade-offs in electrochemical energy devices.

(1) Redox Flow Batteries (RFB): In flow batteries (e.g., Vanadium, Iron-Chromium, Organic RFBs), carbon felt serves as a 3D porous electrode where active redox reactions occur. (1) Intrinsic Catalytic Activity: The abundant edge defects and disordered carbon structures in carbon felt provide a higher density of electrochemically active sites for redox couples (V^{2+}/V^{3+} and VO^{2+}/(VO2)+) compared to pristine, unactivated graphite felt. (2) Thermal Activation Behavior: Air thermal activation (400–500°C) creates hydrophilic oxygen functional groups (-COOH, -OH) more rapidly on carbon felt due to its lower oxidation onset temperature.

(2) In Water Electrolyzers (PEMWE & Alkaline Electrolyzers) application field, in water electrolysis, carbon felt is evaluated as a Porous Transport Layer (PTL) or direct 3D substrate for Hydrogen Evolution (HER) or Oxygen Evolution (OER) catalysts.

(3) In Fuel Cells (PEMFC, PAFC, Direct Methanol) application field, in fuel cells, carbon felt acts as a Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) or liquid-fuel transport matrix.

References:

X. Zhou, et al., Nano-catalytic layer engraved carbon felt via copper oxide etching for vanadium redox flow batteries, Carbon, 2019, 153, 674-681

Y. Lee, et al., Application of Carbon Felt as a Flow Distributor for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2019, 166 F74