Triple Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode (3WE-SPCE) as Flexible Electrochemical Biosensors, CFEBTSPCE

A Triple Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode (3WE-SPCE) integrates three independently addressable carbon working electrodes (WE1, WE2, WE3) alongside a shared counter electrode (CE) and reference electrode (RE) on a single planar strip. This 5-contact architecture allows tri-analyte multiplexing, in-situ background correction, and internal calibration within a single micro-droplet sample (40–80 uL).

The Main Operating Modalities: (1) Multiplexed Multi-Target Panels: Each working electrode is functionalized with a distinct bio-recognition element. Metabolic Panels: WE1 = Glucose Oxidase (GOx), WE2 = Lactate Oxidase (LOx), WE3 = Uricase (UOx) for concurrent metabolic profiling. Cardiac Biomarkers: Simultaneous sandwich immunoassays for Troponin I (cTnI), Myoglobin, and CK-MB on a single disposable strip. Heavy Metal Stripping: Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) for simultaneous quantification of Zn^{2+}, Cd^{2+}, and Pb^{2+}. (2) Dual-Referenced / Self-Calibrating Biosensing: WE1 (Specific Sensing Channel): Functionalized with target-specific capture probe (e.g., antibody or aptamer). WE2 (Non-Specific Adsorption / Matrix Blank): Coated with an isotype non-binding control (e.g., BSA or scrambled oligonucleotide) to cancel matrix interference in whole blood, saliva, or untreated wastewater. WE3 (Internal Calibrant / Drift Monitor): Tethered with an invariant redox reporter (e.g., ferrocene or methylene blue) to normalize variations in temperature, bulk viscosity, or batch-to-batch electrode active area.

References:

1. H. Beitollahi, et al., Applications of electrochemical sensors and biosensors based on modified screen-printed electrodes: a review, Anal. Methods (2020) 12 (12): 1547–1560.
2. Keiichiro Yamanaka, et al. Printable Electrochemical Biosensors: A Focus on Screen-Printed Electrodes and Their Application, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2005, 382, 884–886.