ETPTA {Ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate} as Multifunctional Monomer for Gel Polymer Electrolyte, 200 g/bottle, CGPEMMETPTA

Using ETPTA—ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate—as a structural monomer for Gel Polymer Electrolytes (GPEs) is a premier approach for creating in-situ polymerized, highly crosslinked 3D network electrolytes. Unlike linear thermoplastic hosts (like PVDF or PEO) that require intensive solvent casting or physical swelling, ETPTA utilizes a liquid precursor that is cured directly inside the assembled battery cell. This results in exceptional mechanical stability and perfect, gap-free interfacial contact.

(1) Trifunctional Crosslinking: ETPTA possesses three terminal acrylate (CH_2=CH-COO-) groups branched radiating from a central core. When exposed to an initiator (such as thermal initiators like AIBN or UV photo-initiators like HMPP), these three unsaturated double bonds undergo radical polymerization. Because each monomer molecule has three reactive sites, it doesn't just form linear chains; it forms a highly dense, three-dimensional macromolecular crosslinked network. (2) Ethoxy (─CH2─CH2─O─) Spacers: The "ethoxylated" segments inserted between the central core and the acrylate groups are vital. They introduce flexible ether linkages (similar to polyethylene oxide, PEO). These spacers increase the local free volume and chain flexibility within the crosslinked network. They provide Lewis-base ether oxygen sites that can weakly coordinate with metal cations (Li+ or Na+), assisting in ion decoupling and facilitating smooth bulk ion hopping throughout the gel network.

The advantages of ETPTA-based GPEs are: (1) Seamless Interfacial Contact (In-Situ Processing): The primary bottleneck for solid or quasi-solid states is high interfacial resistance due to microscopic gaps between the electrolyte and porous electrodes. ETPTA monomer is mixed directly into a standard liquid electrolyte alongside an initiator. This low-viscosity liquid precursor is injected into the cell, effortlessly penetrating the nano-pores of the separator, cathode, and anode. Upon heating or UV exposure, it cures in-situ. The resulting gel physically locks the liquid electrolyte components into place, matching the pristine interfacial contact of a traditional liquid cell. (2) Superior Liquid Retention & Anti-Leakage: Linear polymer gels are prone to "sweating" or bleeding liquid electrolyte under mechanical stress or elevated temperatures. The tight, covalently locked 3D cages of cured ETPTA act as a highly effective molecular sponge. It securely anchors the liquid plasticizers and carbonate solvents via strong capillary forces and physical entrapment, drastically reducing safety hazards from leakage and flame propagation. (3) High Mechanical Modulus and Dendrite Mitigation: While the gel remains macroscopically flexible and highly conductive, the microscopic crosslink density yields an incredibly high mechanical shear modulus. This robust crosslinked framework acts as a formidable physical barrier against localized stress, effectively suppressing the mechanical propagation of lithium or sodium dendrites through the electrolyte layer.    

Part Number	CGPEMMETPTA (C-GPE-MM-ETPTA)
CAS	28961-43-5
Chemical Formula	[H2C=CHCO2(CH2CH2O)nCH2]3CC2H5
Appearance	Viscous Colorless liquid
Molar Mass	Average Mn ~912
Package Size	200 g/bottle

Notes: Please try to store the ETPTA monomer in a dry place. 

References: 

1. M. Song, et al. In Situ Thermal Polymerization of a Succinonitrile-Based Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Lithium-Oxygen Batteries, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2023, 15, 16, 20159–20165
2. X. Zhang, et al. Long cycling, thermal stable, dendrites free gel polymer electrolyte for flexible lithium metal batteries, Electrochimica Acta, 2019, 301, 304-311