KURANODE™ Type 1 is Kuraray's high-capacity, plant-based (renewable precursor) hard carbon anode material designed for secondary batteries. While traditionally utilized to boost power, life, and low-temperature performance in Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs), its specific physical properties make it an exceptionally strong candidate for Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and emerging solid-state architectures.

Kuraray segments the KURANODE line into Type 1 (focused on maximizing reversible capacity) and Type 2 (focused on optimized particle sizing, faster kinetics, and ultra-high moisture resistance).  

The performance profile of Type 1 is dictated by its distinct, isotropic disordered structure, which follows the classic "falling cards" or house-of-cards model: (1) Dual-Mechanism Storage: Thanks to its structure, it utilizes a two-step insertion mechanism: intercalation between the wide graphene layers (>0.380 nm spacing) at higher potentials, followed by adsorption/condensation into internal isolated nanopores (cavities) near 0 V. (2) High-Capacity Design: Type 1 optimizes the ratio of these internal cavities and graphene edges to push the reversible capacity past 400 mAh/g under slow C-rates without triggering dangerous metallic plating. (3) Structural Stability: Because ion storage relies heavily on filling internal nanopores and sliding into wide layers, the macroscopic lattice expansion during cycling is significantly lower than that of graphite. This isotropic nature translates to excellent cycle life and minimal electrode breathing.

Part Number	CSIBAKHCT1 (C-SIB-A-KHCT1)
Particle Size Distribution	D50 = 9.0 um
Tap Density	1.48 g/cm3
D002	0.38 nm
Specific Area	4.0 m2/g
Cell Capacity	Charge: ~460 mAh/g Discharge: 405 mAh/g Electrolyte: 1.0 M LiClO4 in PC:DME = 1:1 (vol), half cell, 96% active portion in electrode
First Columbic Efficiency	~88.0%

Notes: (1) Please store the hard carbon powder in a dry area (glovebox is preferred); (2) The battery powder is highly recommended to be dried at 80-100°C in a vacuum oven for 6-12 h before use. 

References: 

1. Z. Li, et al. Defective Hard Carbon Anode for Na-Ion Batteries, Chem. Mater., 2018, 30, 4536–4542.
2. K. Hong, et al. Biomass derived hard carbon used as a high performance anode material for sodium ion batteries, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2014, 2, 12733-12738.