Aqueous Electrolyte (1.7 M, V3.5+) for Long-Life Vanadium Redox Flow Battery, 500 mL/bottle, CVRFBAE
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In an All-Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB), the electrolyte is unique because it utilizes the same element—vanadium—in four different oxidation states across both the positive and negative halves of the cell. This design eliminates the risk of cross-contamination that plagues other flow battery chemistries. The standard VRFB electrolyte consists of vanadium ions dissolved in a supporting acid solution: (1) Vanadium Concentration: Typically ranges from 1.5 M to 2.0 M for commercial applications to balance energy density and stability. (2) Supporting Electrolyte: Usually 3.0 M to 5.0 M Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4). (3) Additives: Phosphoric acid or other stabilizers are often added in small quantities to prevent the vanadium from precipitating out of the solution at high temperatures (above 40°C).
| Part Number |
CVRFBAE (C-VRFB-AE) |
| Appearance |
Black (or dark blue) solution |
| Density |
1.38 g/cm3 |
| Vanadium Concentration |
1.7 mol/L |
| Average Vanadium Valence State |
+3.5 |
| Sulfate Ion Concentration |
4.2 mol/L |
| Package Grade |
500 mL/bottle |
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