ECS-GB Forced Internal Short Circuit Tester (W700*D500*H600mm, -10°C~+80°C), EGBFISCT

A Forced Internal Short Circuit (FISC) Tester is one of the most sophisticated and specialized battery safety instruments. Unlike an external short circuit test, which connects the terminals outside the cell, the FISC tester simulates a catastrophic internal failure—specifically the moment a separator is breached by a microscopic contaminant (like a metal particle) under pressure. This test is the cornerstone of the JIS C 8714 and IEC 62133 standards, designed to replicate real-world "spontaneous" battery fires.

The FISC test is unique because it requires disassembling and then reassembling a battery cell in a controlled environment. (1) Preparation: A small, standardized nickel particle (200um * 100um * 50um) is placed inside a fully charged cell, specifically between the positive active material and the negative current collector (or between the positive current collector and the negative active material). (2) Environmental Control: The cell is placed inside the tester and heated to a specific temperature (typically 45°C or 60 °C). (3) Pressure Application: A specialized pressure ram (indenter) applies a controlled force to the specific location of the nickel particle. (4) Trigger: The pressure causes the nickel particle to pierce the separator, creating a localized internal short circuit. (5) Observation: The system monitors the voltage drop. A successful "forced short" is confirmed by a voltage drop of more than 50 mV.

References:

X. Zhu, et al., Internal short circuit and failure mechanisms of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical indentation abuse conditions: An experimental study, Journal of Power Sources, 2020, 455, 227939

Z. An, et al., Experimental study on the internal short circuit and failure mechanism of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical abuse conditions, Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 98, 111819