Titanium Foil Roll (T 10-100 mm * W 100-200 mm * L 1 m) as Battery Current Collector, CBCCTFR

Titanium (Ti) foil is a premium current collector choice for aqueous batteries, particularly for Zinc-ion, Aluminum-ion, and neutral-electrolyte systems. While aluminum and copper fail in water-based environments due to rapid corrosion or hydrogen evolution, titanium provides a unique combination of electrochemical stability and low density. Its main features and advantages are detailed presented below:

(1) Superior Corrosion Resistance: Titanium spontaneously forms a dense, non-porous passive oxide layer (TiO2) that is highly stable in neutral and mildly acidic water-based electrolytes. This prevents the metal from dissolving into the electrolyte.

(2) High Overpotential for Hydrogen Evolution: A major failure mode in aqueous batteries is the "splitting" of water into hydrogen gas (H2). Titanium has a high overpotential for this reaction, meaning it effectively suppresses gas generation, which improves battery safety and shelf life.

(3) High Strength-to-Weight Ratio: Titanium is significantly lighter than stainless steel or nickel (density ~ 4.51 g/cm3) while maintaining much higher tensile strength than aluminum. This allows for thinner foils (down to 5–10 µm) without the risk of tearing during high-speed coating.

(4) Wide Stability Window: It remains electrochemically inert at the high potentials required for many aqueous cathodes (e.g., Manganese Oxide or Prussian Blue Analogs), where aluminum would pit and fail.